Presentation on covid 19

INTRODUCTION OF COVID-19, ORIGIN OF COVID-19, STRUCTURE OF COVID-19, CAUSES OF CORON VIRUS, SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19, TYPICAL SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19, MODE OF TRANSMISSION, PEOPLE WHI ARE AT HIGHER RISK, WHY COVID-19 IS SAID T BE AS THE PANDEMIC BY WHO?, PREVENTION, WHAT TO DO, WHAT NOT TO DO, MYTHS AND FACTS OF COVID-19 SPREADING, SOME OTHER CONSEQUENCES OF COVID-19, MOST IMPORTANT POINTS OF COVID-19, COVID-19 VACCINES INTRODUCTION, TYPES OF VACCINES , COVAXIN, COVISHIELD, COVID VACCINE REGISTERATION, WHO CAN REGISTER, WHO SHOULDNT TAKE VACCINE SHOTS, STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR REGISTERATION, COMPARISON BETWEEN COVAXIN AND COVISHIELD,

1. Prepared By: Vipin Kr. Shukla Assistant Lecturer Presentation on COVID-19

2. Introduction of COVID-19: It is the infectious and communicable disease caused by the newly developed virus CORONA (COVID-19 ), which is characterized by flu, cough, sore throat, fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome and pneumonia . COVID-19 is a disease caused by a type of corona virus called “ Sars Cov2 ”. The name corona came from its crown like structure called “ Spike Protein”. The Virus uses the spike protein to infect human cells.

3. Contd…. Corona viruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). A novel corona virus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans

4. Origin Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.

5. STRUCTURE OF SARS-COV2:

6. Causes: The main cause of this disease is newly developed virus CORONA, COVID-19 virus. The name corona virus comes from the Latin word corona, meaning crown or halo. Under an electron microscope, the looks like it is surrounded by a solar corona . First time COVID-19 discovered in a seafood and poultry market in the Chinese city of Wuhan in 2019.

7. Symptoms of (COVID-19):

8. Mode of transmission: COVID-19 transmitted through respiratory droplet and 2-14 days estimated incubation period. Humans first get a corona virus from contact with animals . Then, it can spread from human to human. Health officials do not know what animal caused COVID -19 The COVID-19 virus can be spread through contact with certain body fluids, such as droplets in cough. It might also be caused by touching something an infected person has touched and then touching your hand to your mouth, nose or eyes.

9. MODES OF TRANSMISSION:

10. People who are at higher risk: People aged 65 years and older. People who live in a nursing home or long-term care facility. Other high-risk conditions could include: People with chronic lung disease or moderate to severe asthma People who have serious heart conditions People who are immuno-compromised including cancer treatment, smoking, bone marrow or organ. transplantation, immune deficiencies, poorly controlled HIV or AIDS, and prolonged use of corticosteroids and other immune weakening medications.

11. WHY IT IS TERMED AS PANDEMIC?? On March 11, 2020 WHO announced COVID- 19 as a pandemic which indicated that the spread of this novel virus has become a worldwide phenomenon, which has infected almost 200 countries and territories around the world including INDIA and there are almost 2,407,699 confirmed cases of coronavirus COVID-19.

12. PREVENTION- -- WHAT TO DO??? Wash your hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds . Use a hand sanitizer (at least 70 % alcohol based) if soap and water are not available and cover all the surfaces of your hands. DO USE a handkerchief or a tissue to cover your face while coughing or sneezing. DO THROW the used tissue immediately into a closed dustbin .

13. Do cover your sneeze into your bent arm in case you are not carrying a tissue or a handkerchief . Do wash hands immediately after you have covered your sneeze or cough with your hands.

14. Stay at home unless absolutely necessary . Keep a distance of at least one meter between yourself and another person .

15. WHAT NOT TO DO??? Do not touch your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands . Do not touch surfaces like door knobs, door bells, elevator button, handrails etc . Do not spit in open, always use a spittoon or wash basin for spitting . Do not go to crowded places like markets, shopping, fairs, parties . Do not use public transport . Do not hold events where people have to gather.

16. High Risk: People who have underlying medical conditions like : • Diabetes. • Heart Disease. • Lung Disease. • Kidney Disease. • Cancer Medication Pregnant Women (as we don’t know the impact of the disease on Pregnancy, it is better to take care

17. MYTHS AND FACTS… Statement: With the summers coming up, the Corona virus will be killed. FACT : COVID-19 has been detected in ALL AREAS, including areas with hot and humid weather. The best way to protect yourself against COVID- 19 is by frequently washing your hands with soap and water, covering your coughs and sneezes and avoiding crowded places. Statement : Having a bath with hot water will kill the virus. FACT: The virus lives inside the body where the temperature is maintained at 37ºC and is not affected by a hot water bath that you have. Statement: Getting the pneumonia vaccine will protect you against the virus . FACT : While vaccines for Pneumonia will certainly protect you against other organisms that cause pneumonia, The vaccine for Novel Corona virus is under development .

18. Contd…. Statement: Regularly rinsing the nose with saline will prevent the infection. FACT: Rinsing nose with saline has in few cases helped in containing common cold, but has no evidence to suggest it is effective against the Novel Corona virus infection. Statement: Corona virus can be passed through chicken and meat. FACT : No! There is no such evidence of Corona virus spreading through meat and poultry products. However it is always advised to have properly cooked meat and chicken.

19. Contd…. Statement: Eating raw garlic, sesame seeds will protect you against the virus. FACT: Garlic is a healthy food that has other benefits but does not protect you against the Corona virus. Statement: You can get COVID-19 through mosquito bites. FACT : The Corona virus cannot be spread through the bite of a mosquito . It is spread thorough droplets spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs.

20. Some other consequences of COVID-19: STIGMA DISCRIMINATION DEPRESSION

21. Why there is stigma?? The level of stigma associated with COVID-19 is based on three main factors: COVID-19 is a new disease about which many things are still being discovered. When something is unknown people are worried which leads to fear. Rumors or fake news give wrong information and spreads the fear.

22. WHAT DOES STIGMA DO???

23. It is the time not to be afraid but need to get aware… Follow all the advices either prescribed by the health department or by the government … Be a responsible citizen. Stay At Home, Stay Safe, Stay Healthy and Happy…

24. Most Important Points…. Always Be Positive. Do not preach or give news that is not confirmed . Always be polite. Anyone can get the infection . Do not discriminate, shout, or use rude language. Stay away from watching negative things on TV and also fake news. Engage in relaxing activities like indoor games , reading, gardening, home-cleaning etc . Do Meditation, pray to GOD and spend some time with yourself also.

25. Some great persons said … So powerful is the light of unity that it can illuminate the whole earth . Even the weak become strong when they are united. So to beat this worldwide pandemic, we all have to come together and fulfill our respective responsibilities.

26. Covid Vaccine :

27. Recent news on vaccine: India has so far approved three vaccines against the deadly COVID-19 to be used for its inoculation drive which started on January 16 . The three vaccines approved by the Health Ministry are Serum Institute of India's (SII) Covishield, Bharat Biotech's Covaxin and Russia's Sputnik V. While Covaxin and Covishield are available since the vaccination drive started in January, Russia's Sputnik V got the government's approval last week and will now be distributed by Dr Reddy’s Laboratories in India. With this, Sputnik V also became the second most expensive COVID-19 vaccine available in the country. 

28. Contd…. University and pharma major AstraZeneca, the Covaxin has been developed by India's Bharat Biotech in association with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).  The Sputnik V has been developed by Moscow-based Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and like most vaccines, it also needs to be administered in two doses . As the world's biggest vaccination drive is underway, there is a lot of buzzes that surrounds the use of the vaccines, it's efficacy and possible side effects. We at Jagran English bring you some noteworthy differences between the three vaccines available in India you must be aware of. 

29. Introduction: A  COVID‑19 vaccine  is a vaccine intended to provide acquired immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), the virus causing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). Prior to the COVID‑19 pandemic, there was an established body of knowledge about the structure and function of corona viruses causing diseases like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which enabled accelerated development of various vaccine technologies during early 2020.

30. Contd…. On 10 January 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequence data was shared through GISAID and by 19 March, the global pharmaceutical industry announced a major commitment to address COVID-19. Since January 2020, vaccine development has been expedited via unprecedented collaboration in the multinational pharmaceutical industry and between governments. 

31. Contd…. According to the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), the geographic distribution of COVID‑19 vaccine development puts North American entities having about 40% of the activity compared to 30% in Asia and Australia, 26% in Europe, and a few projects in South America and Africa. As of January 2021, nine different technology platforms – with the technology of numerous candidates remaining undefined – are under research and development to create an effective vaccine against COVID‑19.  Most of the platforms of vaccine candidates in clinical trials are focused on the corona virus spike protein and its variant as the primary antigen  of COVID‑19 infection. Platforms being developed in 2020 involved nucleic acid technologies (nucleoside-modified messenger RNA and DNA non-replicating viral vectors, peptides, recombinant proteins, live attenuated viruses, and inactivated viruses.

32. Types of Vaccines: An RNA vaccine contains RNA which, when introduced into a tissue, acts as messenger RNA (mRNA) to cause the cells to build the foreign protein and stimulate an adaptive immune response which teaches the body how to identify and destroy the corresponding pathogen or cancer cells. RNA vaccines often, but not always, use nucleoside-modified messenger RNA. The delivery  of mRNA is achieved by a co formulation of the molecule into lipid nanoparticles which protect the RNA strands and help their absorption into the cells.

33. Comparison Between Covaxin & Covishield:

34. COVID VACCINE REGISTRATION:

35. WHO CAN REGISTER? Senior Citizens (age 60 +). People with co-morbidities (age 45 to 59 ). 18+ Individuals.

36. WHAT’S THE COST? People walking in private health facilities – INR 250/- includes syringe. Needle. Fees for National Health Accounts Govt of India. Govt Centers: Free of Cost.

37. Contd…. PRE-REQUISITES: Co-Win App Aarogya Setu App Way to logon to cowin.gov.in Doctors certificate in case of Co-morbidities

38. Step By Step Guide for Registration: Open one of the below Co-Win App. Aarogya Setu App. visit www.cowin.gov.in. Enter your mobile number. You will receive OTP i.e. One Time Password on your mobile. Create account using OTP. Fill below details: Name. Age. Gender. Identification proof. Doctors certificate in case of co-morbidities & age 45 to 59. Choose your vaccine centre & Date.

39. Covishield Vs Covaxin: The interval between 1st and 2nd doses is 12-16 weeks. Efficacy after the second dose can vary from 70-90%. People above 18 years of age can opt for this vaccine. Covishield is less expensive. SII is selling this vaccine at INR 300 (government) and INR 600 (private centers). Covishield is more easily available The interval between the 2 doses is 4-6 weeks. This vaccine can be 78-100% effective after the second dose. This vaccine can be injected into younger people as well (12 years and above). Covaxin is more expensive and is being sold at INR 400 (government) and INR 1200 (private facilities). Fewer hospitals and healthcare centers are stocking Covaxin