PRESENTATION ON ENIVERONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA).pptx

ENIVERONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

1. UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES DHARWAD Presented by TEJASWI T M PGS22AGR8947 SANDEEP KUMAR PGS22AGR8945 COURSE TITLE :- EVOLUTION AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT

2. INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse. UNEP defines Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as a tool used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. Environment Impact Assessment in India is statutorily backed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986 which contains various provisions on EIA methodology and process

3. WHY EIA ? EIA is intended to prevent or minimize potentially adverse environment impacts and enhance the overall quality of project. The main benefits and advantages of EIA are: Lower project costs in long term Increased project acceptance Improved project design

4. HISTORY OF EIA

5. THE EIA PROCESS Screening: The project plan is screened for scale of investment, location and type of development and if the project needs statutory clearance. Scoping: A process of interaction between government agencies and project proponents Collection of baseline data: Baseline data is the environmental status of study area. Impact prediction: Positive and negative, reversible and irreversible and temporary and permanent impacts need to be predicted which presupposes a good understanding of the project by the assessment agency.

6. Mitigation measures and EIA report: The EIA report should include the actions and steps for preventing, minimizing or by passing the impacts or else the level of compensation for probable environmental damage or loss. Public hearing: On completion of the EIA report, public and environmental groups living close to project site may be informed and consulted. Decision making: Impact Assessment Authority along with the experts consult the project-in- charge along with consultant to take the final decision, keeping in mind EIA and EMP (Environment Management Plan). Monitoring and implementation of environmental management plan: The various phases of implementation of the project are monitored Risk assessment: Inventory analysis and hazard probability and index also form part of EIA procedures.

7. Goals of Environment Impact Assessment Resources Conservation Waste Minimization Recovery of by-product Efficient use of equipment Sustainable development

8. Uses of eia Systemic evaluation of a eco friendly project Risk and hazard assessment Impact identification Monitoring of impact and advice Development control Project development Uses of Environmental Impact Assessment

9. Challenges of Environment Impact Assessment Limited Data Availability : Lack of comprehensive and accurate data can hinder the accuracy of impact predictions. Subjectivity : EIA involves subjective judgments, which can lead to varying interpretations of impacts. Time and Cost : Conducting a thorough EIA can be time-consuming and costly for project proponents .

10. Cont.… Cumulative Impacts: Assessing cumulative impacts of multiple projects in a region can be complex and challenging. Limited Public Participation: Inadequate public participation can limit the effectiveness of EIA in decision-making. Enforcement and Compliance : Ensuring compliance with mitigation measures and environmental management plans can be challenging.

11. EIA for a new highway : Assessing potential impacts on air quality, noise pollution, and wildlife habitats. EIA for a mining project: Evaluating impacts on water resources, biodiversity, and local communities. EIA for a wind farm : Assessing potential effects on bird migration, landscape aesthetics, and tourism. Examples of Environmental Impact Assessment

12. CONCLUSION EIA is an important tool in assuring that projects and plans will not give adverse impact on the environment. EIA process thus could not only prevent costs due to environmental aspects but also prevent possible public opinions and protest against a project. The use of EIA has developed throughout the world may different applications exists.

13. THANK YOU