Presentation on shock 2................pptx

Presentation on shock

1. Classification of shock Shock may be grouped into four general categories based on underlying cause and mechanism Hypovolemic shock Cardiogenic shock obstructive shock Distributive shock 4.1. Septic shock 4.2. Anaphylactic shock 4.3. Neurogenic shock 4.4. Endocrine shock

2. 1.Hypovolemic shock It is due to reduction in circulating blood volume which in turn results from loss of blood or plasma volume . The reduced circulating blood volume culminates in decreased cardiac output and systemic hypoperfusion. Causes of hypovolemic shock Hemorrhage Non hemorrhage(Fluid loss)

3. Hemorrhagic it is internal or external blood loss. internal blood loss; hemothorax,hemopertionum, GIT bleeding external blood loss;trauma,postpartum bleeding Non hemorrhagic (fluid loss) it can be external or internal fluid loss internal fluid loss ;ascites(hydroperitionum),bowel obstraction and acute pancreatitis external fluid loss;diarrhea,vomiting,polyuria

4. clinical manifestation of hypovolemic shock hypotension tachycardia oliguria deminished pulse

5. 2.Cardiogenic shock It results from myocardial pump failure and/or severe depression of cardiac performance. causes myocardial damage (myopathies) – like massive myocardial infarction, myocarditis, arrhythmia cardiac valvular insufficiency,papilary muscle rupture,septal defect,aortic stenosis

6. clinical manifestaion of cardiogenic shock distended jugular vein due to increased jugular veinous pressure absent pulse due to tachyarrytimia anginal pain dysarrythimia complain of fatigue express feeling of doom signs of hemodynamic instability

7. 3.obstructive shock Type of shock which result from mechanical impideminte to circulation leading to depressed cardiac output rather than primary cardiac failure. CAUSE Impaired diastolic filling(decreased ventricular preload);tension pneumothorax ; cardiac tamponade ;intrathoracic obstructive tumors ;constrictive percardititis

8. C o n t . . . Imparied systolic contraction(increased ventricular after load ) -pulmonary embolus(massive) - acute pulmonary hypertension - aortic dissection