PRESENTATION ON THE FIELD ATTACHMENT AT ANALYTICAL BIOSCIENCES LABORATORY COVABS.pptx

This presentation helps students who do internship from Analytical Bio science labs.

1. PRESENTATION ON THE FIELD ATTACHMENT AT ANALYTICAL BIOSCIENCES LABORATORIES COVABS PRESENTED BY: ANZO SIMON REGISTRATION NUMBER: 22/U/5784 ACADEMIC SUPERVISOR: DR. APOLLO SIMON PETER BALYEIDHUSA BSc, MSc, PhD FIELD SUPERVISOR: DR. SAPHAN MUZOORA BSc, MSc, PhD DATE: 28 TH AUGUST, 2024

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Activities Aflatoxins extraction and screening Liver Function Tests (LFTs) Mineral analysis. Calcium and Phosphates New skills and Opportunities identified Challenges Conclusion and recommendation

3. INTRODUCTION The Analytical Biosciences Laboratory-COVAB are research facilities located in the school of biosecurity, biotechnical and laboratory sciences at Makerere University which offers research platforms for masters, PhD and undergraduate students, conducts internship trainings and diagnostic services and is engraved in three niches that is Food Safety (FS), Clinical Biochemistry (CB) chemistry and Phytochemistry MISSION Analytical Biosciences Laboratories COVABs has the mission to provide extensive opportunities and knowledge in training and research in field of biomedical sciences. VISION The organization has the mission to be the leading laboratory providing efficient and affordable platforms for research in the field of biomedical sciences. MAJOR ACTIVITIES Biomedical research, Internship training, Mycotoxins detection and quantification, Food safety assessment tests, Vitamin extraction and determination, Liver function tests, Renal function tests, Antimicrobial residue detection, Mineral analysis titrimetric and gravimetric, Hormone analysis Tumor marker analysis, Blood chemistry Urinalysis, Bio economy.

4. ACTIVITIES Clinical Chemistry Liver Function Tests (LFTs) Renal function Tests (RFTs) Mineral analysis. K, Ca, Phosphates Reagent preparations Calibration of equipment like pH meter Food Safety Aflatoxins extraction and screening Formaldehyde screening

5. AFLATOXINS EXTRACTION AND SCREENING Both solvent extraction and chromatography techniques were applied Extraction 90% methanol was used to extract the aflatoxins from the original sample, and then chloroform is later used to concentrate the aflatoxins by extracting it from the methanol since it is a better solvent of the aflatoxins Screening An acetone-chloroform mixture was used as the developing solution in to which the spotted aflatoxin containing chloroform layer on to a Thin Layer Chromatography plate was placed and allowed to stand. The dried plate was then viewed under U.V lamp at 366nm for blue and green bands .

6. Result after screening for aflatoxins GREEN band indicates aflatoxin G and BLUE band indicates Aflatoxin B

7. LIVER FUNCTION TESTS (LFTs) Mostly AST, ALT and Total protein determination was carried out on bovine serum, dogs serum etc. For each test, the reagents come in form of a test kit with its own manual basing on the company that manufactures them. These manuals contain the test protocols that are used to carry out the specific tests, the clinical chemistry analyzer that uses absorbance measurements. AST, ALT and TP are used to access the functionality of the liver since they are vital in the various processes that occur in the liver Normal ranges of each is used to diagnose the level of liver damage Relevance. High levels of the following parameters indicate acute liver damage Normal levels indicate the liver is working effectively Low levels indicate that there is chronic liver damage, most tissues are destroyed and it needs immediate treatment. A result of Total Proteins Indicating a normal TP value

8. MINERAL ANALYSIS. CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATES Analysis was carried out on pesticide and blood meal samples All the analysis were done using the titrimetric method where the end point is indicated by an indicator by forming a significant color change. For Phosphate analysis , Ammonium molybdate was used along side standard sodium hydroxide, phenolphthalein was the indicator For the case of calcium , EDTA was used as the complexing agent with Eriochrome Black T as the indicator.

9. NEW SKILLS AND OPPORTUNITIES IDENTIFIED New skills New skills like Operation of clinical laboratory machines such as clinical chemistry analyzer, urine analyzer among others Food safety tests such as aflatoxins and formaldehyde screening were part of the skills I gained. Since ABL has provisions for conducting research, I was able to understand how research activities are conducted including afflatoxins extraction and screening, protein extraction and hormone analysis. Through the external facilitations, medical laboratory technology as well as Quality Assurance and Regulatory Compliance knowledge. O pportunities Research opportunities such as ; Aflatoxin research Hormone analysis Nano particles extraction Employment and volunteering opportunities

10. CHALLENGES High costs of living with limited support Limited access to expensive tests like ELISA Power shortage at the laboratory sometimes hinder operations. Limited time with supervisors

11. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion The 8 weeks period of time spent at ABL for the field attachment program had been entirely an educative one because I was able to learn a lot of skills ranging from analytical to interpersonal skills. Gaining of hands on experience. Being an open opportunity, I was able to choose the place that is of my interest hence providing me with and opportunity to explore my future prospects. Recommendation Basing on the various opportunities available at ABL, I would like to recommend the institution to create mass awareness of about the services available so that the opportunities will be utilized effectively. The department should continually assess and refine internship placement processes to ensure student satisfaction and employer engagement. There should be frequent engagement with both the trainees and the supervisors to ensure maximum fulfilment of the purpose of the internship programme.

12. FOR LISTENING ANY QUESTION?