PRESENTATION ON TRACHEOSTOMY And physiotherapy management .pptx

A Ppt on tracheotomy and it’s physiotherapy after the procedure

1. TRACHEOSTOMY BY TAKYI EMMANUEL

2. OUTLINE ANATOMY OF THE TRACHEA PROCEDURE CARE AFTER PROCEDURE INDICATIONS COMPLICATIONS CONCLUSION REFERENCES

3. TRACHEA The trachea lies in midline of the neck extending from cricoid cartilage (C6) superiorly to the tracheal bifurcation at the level of sternal angle (T5). It comprises of 16-20 C shaped cartilage rings. It is 10-12cm in length and 15-20mm in diameter. Tracheostomy refers to the creation of permanent or semi permanent opening in trachea.

4. INDICATIONS Upper Airway Obstruction Pulmonary Ventilation Pulmonary Draining

5. TYPES Emergency Tracheostomy Within 2-4 mints with vertical incision Cricothyrotomy/mini tracheostomy Transverse incision over the cricothyroid membrane. Keep only for 3-5 days Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy Less time ,Less Expensive Not suitable for thick neck and in emergency

6. TUBES Uncuffed Cuffed

7. Procedure (Elective Tracheostomy) Anesthesia: G A Position: Supine with sand bag under the shoulder Incision: horizontal incision between cricoid cartilage and suprasternal notch. Division /retraction of thyroid isthmus Opening of Trachea and insertion of tube

8. PROCEDURE

9. PHYSIOTHERAPY ROLE Preventing decreased ROM in the neck Reducing pain Breathing exercises Chest physiotherapy to improve airway clearance and reducing risk of infections

10. PROBLEMS DURING TRACHEOSTOMY CARE Dislocation of tracheostomy tube. Bleeding. Blockage of tracheostomy tube. Aspiration and swallowing problems. Speaking problems.

11. COMPLICATIONS INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS. Bleeding and injury to big vessels Injury to tracheoesophageal wall Pneumothorex EARLY COMPLICATIONS Bleeding Tracheostomy tube obstruction Tracheostomy tube displacement Infection

12. complications cont’d LATE COMPLICATIONS Tracheal Stenosis Granulation tissue Tracheocutaneous fistula Keloid or unsightly scar Difficulty decannulation

13. CONCLUSION In conclusion, tracheostomy is a life saving procedure that provides a direct airway for patients with respiratory distress. Understanding its indications, techniques and post operative care is essential for optimal patient outcomes.

14. REFERENCES Raimonde AJ, Westhoven N, Winters R. Tracheostomy. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK55914/ National Tracheostomy Safety Project. Understanding tracheostomy tubes. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBbPxsznEPc

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