PRESENTATION ON UPPTCL 220 KV TRANSMISSION SUMMER TRAINING BANDA, BANDA FROM BBDNITM

220/132/33 KV SUMMER TRAINING TRANSMISSION SUB-STATION BANDA.

Summer training ppt about transmission sub-station from (upptcl).

1. A summer training PRESENTATION ON Uttar Pradesh power transmission corporation limited (upptcl) A Seminar in partially fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of technology in Electrical engineering From Babu banarasi das national institute of technology & management (Lucknow) affiliated with apj aktu SUBMITTED BY RISHASBH DEV SINGH SUBMITTED TO PROFF. MRS KALPNA KUREEL

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ABOUT 220 KVA SUBSTATION COMPONENT OF SUBSTATION OVERVIEW & SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF SUBSTATION PROTECTION OF SUBSTATION MAINTENANCE OF SUBSTATION CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Uttar Pradesh P ower T ransmission C orporation Limited (UPPTCL) is the responsible for transmission above 33 KVA within the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Its chairman is Mr. KAMRAN REZVI(IAS). In 14 January 2000 UPSEB divided into three part – GENERATING UPPTCL (TRANSMISSION) UPPCL (DISTRIBUTION) UPPTCL BANDA has three substation is basically contains three substation. One of 400 kv second is 220 kv & another is 132 kv substation. 220/132 KVA substation established in 2002.

4. About the substation There are three part of substation – CONTROL ROOM BATTERY ROOM SWITCH YARD

5. CONTROL ROOM It contain panel related to controlling of instruments. Basically it operate manually. It work as shield guard for all substation equipment & electrical network. These panel are useful to control the flow of electrical as per the voltage class and detect the faults in transmission line. E.g. feeder panel, x-mar panel etc.

6. battery ROOM The control panels and relays of the sub-station required DC supply. The sub-station Has Two set of 110 Volt and a set of 48 Volt DC Supply. The DC supply is made with the help of battery bank reserve normally kept in a separate room called battery room. The batteries used in this sub-station are Nickel-Cadmium (NI-Cd) batteries. These batteries re used due to their advantages like low maintenance, longer life (15-20 years) etc. Each cell is of 2 V and 300 Ah Capacity .

7. Use of battery ROOM Storage battery system is used in emergency situation for the working of electrical equipment: To open and close the switch gear For indication and control Emergency lighting Relay and interlocking equipment For working of alarm circuit.

8. Switch yard Switch yard has many things which is situate in openly. Switch yard is combination of Wave trap, LA, CT, PT, Transformers, Bus bar, Isolator, Insulator, Breakers, Bus coupler, MULSI fire room etc. switch yard is connected with control room . In switch yard there are many things connected.

9. ELEMENT OF Switch yard WAVE TRAP LIGHTENING ARRESTER (LA) CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT ) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER (PT) CIRCUIT BREAKER RELAY ISOLATOR TRANSFORMER INSULATOR CAPACITOR BANK CONDOCTOR

10. WAVE TRAP Wave trap is an instrument using for tripping of the wave. The function of this trap is that it traps the unwanted waves. Its function is of trapping wave . Its shape is like a drum . It is connected to the main incoming feeder so that it can trap the waves which may be dangerous to the instruments here in the substation.

11. LIGHTENING ARRESTER Lightening arrester is used to discharge surge which come from cloud. LA protects devises from extra surge. To discharge the switching and lightening voltage surges to earth . It provides low impedance path for high frequency and high current supply .

12. CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT) CT is known as brain of substation. It is used for measure current. CT is connected seriously. It is a step up transformer which is used to measure the current, by stepping down the voltage level.

13. CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT) In CT the secondary current is proportional to the primary current. In my substation the CT ratio is used 200:5.5 that shows secondary current of 5.5A when primary current is 200A.

14. potential TRANSFORMER (pT) Voltage transformer also called potential transformer are a parallel connected type of instrument transformer. They have designed to present negligible load to supply being measured and have an accurate voltage ratio and phase relation.

15. potential TRANSFORMER (PT) In my substation the PT ratio is used 400:120 that shows secondary current of 120V when primary current is 400V.

16. CIRCUIT BReaEKER A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by over-current or overload or short circuit . In my substation SF6 & VACCUME circuit breaker is used TYPE OF CIRCUIT BREKER AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREKER OIL CIRCUIT BERKER SF6 CIRCUIT BREKER VACCUME CIRCUIT BREKER

17. TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS Oil circuit breaker   Air-blast circuit breaker Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker (SF6) Vacuum circuit breakers

18. OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER It is designed for 11kv-765kv. The contacts are immersed in oil bath. Oil provides cooling by hydrogen created by arc. It acts as a good dielectric medium and quenches the arc.

19. AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERS This operates using high velocity blast of air which quenches the arc. It consists of blast valve , blast tube & contacts. Blast valve contains air at high pressure. Blast tube carries the air at high pressure & opens the moving contact attached to spring. There is no carbonization of surface as in VCB. Air should be kept clean & dry to operate it properly.

20. SF 6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS It contains an arc interruption chamber containing SF 6  gas. In closed position the contacts remain surrounded by  SF 6  gas at a pressure of 2.8 kg/cm 2 . During opening high pressure SF6 gas at 14 kg/cm 2 from its reservoir flows towards the chamber by valve mechanism. SF 6  rapidly absorbs the free electrons in the arc path to form immobile negative ions to build up high dielectric strength. It also cools the arc and extinguishes it. After operation the valve is closed by the action of a set of springs. Absorbent materials are used to absorb the byproducts and moisture.

21. VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER It is designed for medium voltage range (3.3-33kv). This consists of vacuum of pressure (1*10 -6 ) inside arc extinction chamber. The arc burns in metal vapor when the contacts are disconnected. At high voltage , it’s rate of dielectric strength recovery is very high. Due to vacuum arc extinction is very fast. The contacts loose metals gradually due to formation of metal vapors.

22. relay PROTECTIVE RELAY Current Voltage Insulation Temperature Pick up levels Time Visual indication Warning alarm Remove power output input setting A relay is an electrically operated switch. A relay is a sensing device which sense the abnormal condition and then produce an alarm or open the breaker contact.

23. relay In my substation used four type relay - DISTANCE RELAY DIRECTIONAL RELAY OVER CURRENT RELAY DIFFERENCE RELAY

24. isolator Isolator is used to ensure that an electrical circuit is completely de-energized for service or maintenance.

25. transformer The transformer is called the heart of transformer. A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction . In my substation has four transformer two 160 MVA transformer and two 40 MVA. Both are step down transformer. 160 MVA transformer convert 220 to 132 KVA & 40 MVA converts 132 to 33 KVA. Transformer has three type- Auto transformer Step up transformer Step down transformer

26. Cooling of transformer Continuous working of transformer goes to heat. Thus the cooling of transformer various method are used. OIL COOLING NATURE COOLING AIR COOLING WATER COOLING

27. Capacitor bank It is used to improve the power factor from lagging to leading nature . And it also maintain the power in substation. In my substation 48 MVA capacitor bank is used.

28. insulator A material of such low conductivity that the flow of current through it is negligible. In my substation mainly two type insulator are used- glass insulator porcelain insulator

29. Conductor There are many types of conductor but my substation used 4 type conductor - Panther Conductor Moose Conductor

30. Conductor Z ebra Conductor Dog Conductor

31. THANK YOU…