presentation1-160421154929.pptx libeskind

Daniel libeskind

1. NORMAN ROBERT FOSTER (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company, Foster+ partners' , maintains an international design practice famous for high-tech architecture . He is one of Britain's most prolific architects of his generation In 1999 he was awarded the pritzker Architecture prize (Nobel prize of architecture) ASTER SHALOM S

2. Design Philosophy His philosophy always been guided by a belief that the quality of our surroundings has a direct influence on the quality of our lives, whether that is on the workplace, at home or in public realm how architectural design changes over time to accommodate changes in technology to how it communicates a city’s past and present character

3. Design Element Strength of size Curved lines Open planned Use of natural light Wide range of building material Attention to detail Flexible space Green power: wind and solar Energy saving measures Improve indoor air quality Water conservation Renewal building material

4. His 3 works 30 St Mary axe the gherkin Tour cepsa City hall London

5. 30 St Mary axe the gherkin Type: Office Location London, United Kingdom Construction: 2001- 2004 Opening 28 April 2004 Cost: £138,000,000.00 Height: 180 meters (591 ft.) Floor count: 41 Floor area 47,950 sq. m (516,100 sq. ft.) Architect: Foster Norman

6. The fist ecological skyscraper in London and rapidly recognizable addition to skyline of city is located 30 St Mary Axe of Baltic Exchange The Gherkin is essentially an elongated, curved, shaft with a rounded end that is reminiscent of a stretched egg. It is covered uniformly around the outside with glass panels and is rounded off at the corners. It has a lens-like dome at the top that serves as a type of observation deck.

7. site context highest design quality that would make a real contribution to the urban environment of the City limitation of time Traffic , limited accessibility

8. concept Norman was inspired by the design of aircrafts and the way that streamlined bodies interacted with wind. The shape of the tower is influenced by the physical environment of the city. The smooth flow of wind around the building was one of the main considerations.

9. The cigar-shaped structure has a steel frame with floors circular floor and a glass front with diamond-shaped panels. The striped appearance and swirling visible from the outside is the result of the energy saving system of the building, which allows air to flow through the spiral ventilation ducts. At ground level, the base of the Gherkin is well integrated with an open public square. The entrance has huge white spacers X. The top of the tower, where visitors can find a hall covered with a conical dome glass is even more spectacular. From here you have a breathtaking view of the city. The building is unfortunately not open to the public.

10. The design of the Gherkin is heavily steeped in energy efficiency and there are a number of building features that enhance its efficiency. There were open shafts built in between each floor that act as ventilation for the building and they require no energy for use. The shafts pull warm air out of the building during the summer and use passive heat from the sun to bring heat into the building during the winter. These open shafts also allow available sunlight to penetrate deep into the building to cut down on light costs. It has been said that 30 St. Mary Axe uses only half of the energy that a similarly-sized tower would use.

11. Structure Diagrid exterior structure Diagrid nodes at connections gerkin shape 5 degree rotation of floor plates wedge shaped light wells

12. There are two primary sructures The Diagrid is the main structure (resisting horizontal and gravity loads) -Aluminum coated tube steel -series of two-stories-high, end to end arrangement. -one full diamond is four-stories tall. The Core (resisting gravity loads)

13. Form The overall cylindrical shape allows for the wind to move around the building this shape has effect the horizontal wind loads Decreased Buffeting Reduced Vibrations Diminished Fluttering

14. Materials In the construction of this building they have been used 10.000tn of which 29 % corresponds to the structural regilla diagonally 24% to central column and 47% for beam The foundation beam 750mm in diameter, 333piles and 5500glass panels diamond shaped

15. City hall London Architect: Foster + Partners Location: London, England Completed: 2002 Size: 130,000 sq ft Structural Engineer: Arup Owner: More London Development Ltd. Current Tenants: Greater London Authority

16. Site context and Location Position Located on the edge of the Thames, London City Hall takes full advantage of its seclusion from traffic noise and fumes In addition, the building is positioned to receive the fresh air of the Thames and optimize energy performance according to its position on site and orientation to the sun

17. The city hall is the one of symbol of capital In the 1980s, London’s local government had been dissolved and the old government building was transformed into a hotel and aquarium With Prime Minister, Tony Blair’s commitment to bringing back a London-wide government in 1997, the election of a new Mayor and Greater London Authority called for a new government building The City Hall project was an opportunity to express the values of the newly formed governing body and act as a symbol of change for London (11). The project brief called for a building to house the Greater London Authority (GLA), which consists of the Mayor, London Assembly and their support staff

18. Concept London City Hall’s building form is justified according to two main design criteria that consist of democratic and environmental ideals

19. Form The exterior formal moves are derived from the desire to reduce the total glass surface area of the building. In general, a spherical building consumes 25% less energy than cubic building of the same volume. Therefore, the solar heat gain and heat loss through London City Hall’s building envelope is minimized It seems so strange it has lot of weight reasons the buildings tries to avoid direct light coming from the south and absorb , with sloping glass façade the building has no front or back because the shape is derived by geometrically modified sphere

20. The design was created with the highest demands of energy efficiency in mind The bulbous nature of the building helps to reduce its outer surface area and thereby require less energy to heat. The entirety of the building is accessible by a helical staircase that runs 500 meters to the top floor.

21. It was constructed using over 4 tones of steel and 13,100 square meters of concrete. During construction, two large pipes were installed that tapped into the water table of the River Thames. These pipes circulate cold water from these pipes throughout the building during the summer months as a cooling device. This has greatly lessened the energy impact of the building.

22. Commercial office buildings

23. Airports and Transportation

24. Urban infrastructures

25. The best architecture comes from synthesis of all the elements that separately comprise and inform the character of a building the structure that hold it up the services that allow it to function its ecology the quality of natural light the symbolism of the form the relationship of building to the skyline or the streetscape the ways we move though or around it Above all I believe that architecture is rooted in the needs of people materials and spiritual measurable and intangible it must have the ability to transcend function to add beauty as well as value to lift the spirits to move us some way Sir Norman Foster

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