Presentation4.for medical students training pptx

Good for knowledge

1. Grading of Shock Presented by Cadet Linn Htet

2. Shock Shock is a systemic state of low tissue perfusion that is inade ­ quate for normal cellular respiration. With insufficient delivery of oxygen and glucose, cells switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. If perfusion is not restored in a timely fashion, cell death ensues.

3. Stages of shock Stage of hypoperfusion and hypoxia Stage of compensatory shock Stage of decompensatory (progressive) shock Stage of irreversible (refractory) shock

4. 1. Stage of hypoperfusion and hypoxia Aerobic metabolism changes to anaerobic leading to lactic acidosis (metabolic acidosis).

5. 2.Stage of compensatory shock I t is neuroendocrine response to maintain the perfusion of vital organs likebrain , lungsandheart . Noradrenaline, renin-angiotensin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) gets activated causing vasoconstriction of organs like gastro- intestinal, kidney to divert the blood to heart, lungs and brain.

6. 3.Stage of decompensatory (progressive) shock Here compensatory mechanism fails; cell perfusion decreases causing raised intracellular sodium but low intracellular potassium. Microcirculation fails beginning the failure of kidneys, liver and lungs.

7. 4. Stage of irreversible (refractory) shock C ellular ATP metabolism is lost completely leading into MODS and MOF (multiorgan failure).

8. Thank you so much for your attention.