Prevention of Air Borne Disease for educational purpose

Prevention of Air Borne Diseases

1. PREVENTION OF AIR BORNE DISEASE STATION HEALTH ORGANISATION (LARGE) ROORKEE H/INSPECTOR= NIRMAL

2. Types of Airborne Diseases * Influenza * Tuberculosis * Measles * Chickenpox * Covid -1 * Pertussis Whooping Cough

3. Mode of Transmission * Droplet transmission coughing sneezing) * Airborne transmission inhalation) * Contact transmission touching contaminated surfaces)

4. Whooping Cough (Pertussis)

5. Whooping Cough (Pertussis) It is respiratory illness commonly also known as whooping cough. It is a very contagious disease caused by bacteria named Bordetella pertussis. 2. These bacteria affect the cilia (tiny, hair-like projections) present on the upper respiratory system. 3. The bacteria release some toxins ( poisons ), which damage the cilia and cause airways to swell.

6. Transmission * Person to person by coughing or sneezing (droplets). * Many babies who get pertussis are infected by older siblings, parents, or caregivers who might not even know they have the disease .

7. Sign and Symptoms Early Symptoms * Symptoms of pertussis usually develop within 5 to 10 days after someone is exposed. Sometimes symptoms do not develop for as long as 3 weeks. * Runny nose. * Low-grade fever (generally minimal throughout the course of the disease). * Mild, occasional cough. * Apnea -a pause in breathing (in babies). Later-stage Symptoms: (After 1 to 2 weeks and as the disease progress ). * Paroxysms (fits) of many, rapid coughs followed by a high-pitched “whoop” sound. * Vomiting (throwing up) during or after coughing fits. * Exhaustion (very tired) after coughing fits.

8. Treatment and Prevention * Several antibiotics are available to treat pertussis. * The most popular are azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin. * Keep the child in a warm and ventilated room. * Keep the infected child in a separate room. * Discharges from nose and throat should be disposed immediately and disinfection should be done. * Give light food to the infected. * In early stage itself the child need to be immunized against whooping cough and DPT vaccine at 2nd, 3rd, 4th months, 11/2 and 5 years.

9. ChickenPox

10. Chicken pox * This is highly contagious disease caused by the Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) which is a member of the Herpes virus family. * Chicken pox usually occurs during childhood, and in adult and old cause shingles (herpes zoster) in adults: shingles is rare in children.

11. Symptoms * Body aches and Fever. * Feeling extremely tired ( fatigue ). * Feeling irritable, Loss of appetite, and Headache. * Within 1 or 2 day, the rash appears, begins as red spots which then form blisters and spreads to the rest of the body. * Symptoms appear within 10 to 21 days after you’ve been in contact with someone who has the virus. Most people recover in about 2 weeks.

12. Transmission * Can be transmitted through airborne route and easily spreads from one person to the next through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. * It may also spread through contact with the blisters.

13. Prevention * There are no actual cures for it, but you can get a vaccine shot to help prevent it. * Baths with uncooked oatmeal, baking soda, or corn starch can help relieve itching. * Tylenol is used for fever or pain relief. (Aspirin should be avoided due to linkage with Reye’s syndrome.) * Antiviral drugs such as Acyclovir may be prescribed. * You can put Calamine lotion on the rocks to help stop the itching.

14. Prevention Strategies I. Vaccination (view chart) 1 Influenza vaccine 2 TB vaccine BCG) 3 MMR vaccine Measles, Mumps, Rubella) 4 Varicella vaccine II. Mask-wearing 1 Types: Surgical masks, N5 respirators 2 Proper use and disposal

15. Forces

16. Prevention Strategies III. Social Distancing 1 Maintain 6 feet distance 2 Avoid crowded areas IV. Hand Hygiene 1 Washing with soap and water 2 Using hand sanitizers

17. Prevention Strategies V. Respiratory Etiquette 1 Coughing/sneezing into elbows 2 Covering mouth/nose with tissues VI. Ventilation and Air Filtration 1 Improving ventilation 2 Using HEPA filters

18. Conclusion * Airborne diseases pose significant health risks. * Prevention strategies are crucial. * Individual and community efforts necessary.

19. Thank You Regards Nirmal Health Inspector SHO (L ) Roorkee