Principles & Formulation of Hair Care Products

PRINCIPLES OF FORMULATION AND BUILDING BLOCKS OF HAIR CARE PRODUCTS

1. PRINCIPLES OF FORMULATION AND BUILDING BLOCKS OF HAIR CARE PRODUCTS Purva R. Borkar*, Pranjali T. Waghare Subject : Cosmetic science B Pharm Final year Guide Name : Chandrashekhar M. Chakole Bajiraoji Karanjekar College of Pharmacy, Sakoli Dist. Bhandara M.S.441802 Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur, University

2. Content : Hair conditioners Antidandruff shampoo Hair oils

3. Hair Conditioners Conditioners are viscous liquid that is applied to the hair & are used after washing hair with shampoo. These shampoos are formulated to not only cleanse the hair and scalp but also to remove dirt, excess oil, and product build up while providing nourishment. A conditioning shampoo typically contains 5 to 20% weight of anionic surfactants or a blend of multiple anionic surfactants. Conditioners can be found in various forms such as cream, paste, liquid or gels. It is used to render the hair shiny, to comb and free from dryness. The primary conditioning agents are silicones, emollients, humectants etc. Best example Pantene Pro V – Cleanse, moisturize and repair damage. Opti Derma – Combination of moisture and protective properties. Pert Plus – Helps to increase hair strength, prevents hair breakage and improves over all hair health.

4. Formulation INGRIDENTS % USES Hydroxypropyl cellulose 7.5 Film former Cetyl alcohol 3.0 Helps the conditioner to make creamy Lanoline quaternary 5.0 Emulsifier Lecithin 1.0 Moisturising agents Synthetic beeswax 2.0 Viscosity modifier Seasome oil 1.5 Promote hair growth Glycerol stearate 0.5 Conditioning agents PEG 75 3.5 Surfactants Methyl paraben 0.2 Preservatives P.G. 2.5 Humectants Stearic acid 1.5 It makes products thick Demineralised water Up to 100 ml Solvent

5. Types of conditioners include Pack conditioner, leave-in conditioner, and ordinary conditioner. a. Pack conditioner are thick and heavy, with a high content of fatty materials that can bind the hair structure and gum the hair surface scales together. b. Leave-in conditioner are thinner and contain different surfactants that add only a small amount of material to the hair. c. Ordinary conditioner are used after shampooing to provide conditioning benefits and are rinsed out after a few minutes. Pack conditioner Leave in conditioner Ordianary conditioner

6. Antidandruff shampoo Dandruff is a common scalp disorder that involves the shredding of dead skin cells from the scalp. It is a most common dermatological skin condition and is a chronic, non-inflammatory condition of the scalp. It generally occurs in winter and eases off in summer. The micro-organism is mostly found in a sporulating Pityrosporum Ovale Yeast, Skin cells are formed continuously on the scalp, with dandruff skin cells are shed faster and the oil from the scalp causes the skin cells. Dandruff:

7. These anti-dandruff shampoo formulations include agents that are classified into : Cytostatic substances : Octopirox ciclopirox olamine, Selenium sulphide , Tar, Piroktolamine Fungicidal substances: Zinc pyrithione , ketoconazole, flutrimazole, econazole bifonazole, clotrimazole Keratolytic substances : Salicylic acid, urea and Sulphur derivatives. Symptoms of Dandruff : Flaking and sometimes mild itchiness. Seborrheic dermatitis is a more severe form of the condition, often characterized by redness, inflammation, and flaking of the skin.

8. Formulation: Ingredients Quantity% Selenium sulphide 2.5% Bentonite 5% Sodium lauryl sulphate 35% Water Up to 100 ml Color , Perfume q.s . Preservatives q.s .

9. Hair oils are intended from various herbs and are used for treating various hair ailments, including baldness. They play a crucial role in protecting hair from damage by penetrating the hair shaft and preventing loss of water absorption, which can lead to swelling, hygral fatigue, and eventual hair damage from repeated swelling and drying. These oils can help maintain hair health and prevent issues like breakage and dryness. Example : Coconut oil Sweet almond oil Olive oil Jojoba oil Sesame oil Dabur Amla oil Argan oil Hair oils

10. Different Types of Hair Oils Hair oils can be classified based on their ingredients and intended effects, Here are some common classifications- Base Oils : These are the primary oils used in hair oils and can be divided into four categories. Non-sticky Oils : These oils are light and easily absorbed by the hair and scalp. Examples include coconut oil, almond oil, jojoba oil, and grapeseed oil. Sticky Oils : These oils are thicker and may leave a residue on the hair. Examples include castor oil and olive oil. Essential Oils : These are concentrated plant extracts that are added to base oils for their therapeutic properties. Some common essential oils used in hair oils include rosemary oil, tea tree oil, lavender oil, and peppermint oil. They can help with dandruff, hair fall, and scalp health. Specialized Hair Oils : These are formulated with specific ingredients to target particular hair concerns, such as dandruff, hair fall, dryness. For example, neem oil is known for its anti-dandruff properties, while argan oil is often used for moisturizing and nourishing hair. .

11. Hair oils are again classified into different types based on their composition- Vegetable Oils : These are derived from plants and seeds. Examples include coconut oil, almond oil, olive oil, jojoba oil, and grapeseed oil. Vegetable oils are rich in nutrients and fatty acids that can nourish and moisturize the hair and scalp. Mineral Oil : This type of oil is used in hair care products for its ability to create a barrier on the hair shaft, reducing moisture loss. Mixed Oils: These are formulations that contain a combination of vegetable oils and mineral oil. They are designed to combine the benefits of both types of oils, providing nourishment and moisture. Castor oil is rich in nutrients like vitamin E, proteins, and minerals, which help moisturize Hair, soften hair, Promote hair growth, and maintain moisture Levels. Olive oil is rich in antioxidants and fatty acids, making it a great moisturizer for dry skin and hair. It can help improve scalp health, reduce dandruff, and strengthen hair follicles. Castor oil Olive oil

12. c .Jojoba oil is similar to the natural oils produced by the skin, making it an excellent moisturizer for both hair and skin. It helps the production, making it suitable for all skin types. these oils show anti-inflammatory and healing properties, Jojoba oil moisturizes the scalp, helps control dandruff, and promotes hair growth by nourishing the hair follicles. d. Almond oil is rich in vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and antioxidants, It helps nourish and hydrate dehydrated skin, and almond oil is often used to reduce the appearance of scars, scratches, and stretch marks. It can help various skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis by providing hydration and calming, inflammation. Almond oil Jojoba oil

13. e . Coconut oil: it is a popular choice for hair care due to its many benefits. Coconut oil is a highly effective natural hair conditioner. It penetrates the hair shaft to moisturize and nourish the hair, making it softer, and smoother. Coconut oil contains essential nutrients like Vitamin E and antioxidants, which help repair damage, and reduce breakage and split ends of the hair. Regular use of coconut oil can improve the overall moisture balance of the hair. It helps promote scalp health by moisturizing the skin, reducing dandruff, and improving blood circulation to the hair follicles. f. Sesame oil is commonly used as a base oil in Ayurvedic preparations for hair growth and scalp health. Bhringraj oil, which often contains sesame oil as a base, is known for its ability to promote hair growth, reduce hair fall, and improve hair texture. It is a popular choice in Ayurvedic hair care. Coconut oil Sesame oil

14. REFERANCES: M ehetre Gautam, Ambhore Jaya, Heke Rameshwar, Shinde Sachin.A textbook of Cosmetic Science, pee vee publication, (S. VIKAS AND COMPANY MEDICAL PUBLISHERS) Edition, 2022,145-156 Pathak Kamla, Vaidya Ankur, A Textbook of Cosmetic Science Concepts and Principles, Nirali Publication First edition 2018, 5.9-5.16. Singh Satya, Nigam Vijay, A textbook of cosmetic science, Thakur Publication, Edition, 2021,81-86. https://m.indiamart.com/proddetail/pure-sweet-almond-oil-24688065512.html (Image) Sheikh Aijaz, Deshmane Subhash, Rageeb Md, Usman Md, Biyani Kailash, A textbook of Cosmetic Science, pee vee Publication.

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