Principles of smile design and esthetics.pptx

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1. Principles of smile design PRESENTER: DR. LAVI CHAUDHARY MODERATOR: DR. ADITYA CHAUDHARY

2. CONTENTS Introduction Goals of smile designing Components of esthetic smile: Facial & Dental Tooth components: Dental midline, Incisal length, Tooth dimensions, Zenith point, Axial inclinations, Interdental contact area ( ica ) and point ( icp ), Incisal embrasure, Sex, personality and age, Symmetry and balance Soft tissue components: Gingival health, Gingival level, Interdental emrassure , Smile line, Lip line, Shade selection Conclusion References

3. INTRODUCTION Smile, a person’s ability to express a range of emotions with the structure and movement of the teeth and lips. Pierre Fauchard (1678– 1761) of France, together with several colleagues modernized and promoted dentistry and also advocated esthetic practices .

4. GOALS OF SMILE DESIGNING Acc. Dawson, peaceful and stable masticatory system, where the teeth, tissues, muscles, skeletal structures and joints all function in harmony. A successful, healthy and functional result requires an understanding of the interrelationship among all the supporting oral structures, including the muscles, bones, joints, gingival tissues and occlusion.

5. COMPONENTS OF ESTHETIC SMILE

6. FACIAL COMPOSITION Esthetic principles that involve proper alignment, symmetry and proportion of face. Facial features which do play a major role: interpupillary line lips

7. Interpupillary line should be perpendicular to the midline of the face and parallel to the occlusal plane. Lips create the boundaries of smile design.

8. HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DIMENSIONS FOR AN IDEAL FACE

9. The facial height is divided into three equal parts from the fore head to the eyebrow line, from the eyebrow line to the base of the nose and from the base of the nose to the base of the chin. The full face is divided into two parts, eyes being the midline. The lower part of the face from the base of the nose to the chin is divided into two parts, the upper lip forms one-third of it and the lower lip and the chin two-thirds of it VERTICAL

10. TOOTH COMPONENTS

11. INCISAL LENGTHS (INCISAL EDGE POSITIONS) Maxillary incisal edge position are: degree of tooth display, phonetics and patient input

12. 1. Degree of tooth display: relaxed and slightly open, 3.5 mm of the incisal third of the maxillary central incisor age increases: less tooth display

13. 2. Phonetics: E sound: maxillary incisal edge position should be positioned halfway between the upper and lower lip F and V sounds: labiolingual position and length of the maxillary teeth. S sound: mandibular central incisors are positioned 1 mm behind and 1 mm below the maxillary incisal edge. M sound: tooth display in rest position

14. TOOTH DIMENSIONS Centrals must be the dominant teeth in the smile They are the key to the smile width to length ratio 4:5 (0.8–1.0)

15. Golden proportion (Lombardi), recurring esthetic dental proportions (Ward), M proportions ( Methot ) and Chu’s esthetic gauges. GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHING CORRECT PROPORTIONS

16. GOLDEN PROPORTION (LOMBARDI) The width of each anterior tooth is 60% of the width of the adjacent tooth (mathematical ratio being 1.6:1:0.6)

17. RECURRING ESTHETIC DENTAL PROPORTION (WARD) Successive width proportion when viewed from the facial aspect should remain constant as we move posteriorly form midline.

18. M PROPORTIONS (METHOT) This method compares the tooth width with the facial width using a software.

19. CHU’S ESTHETIC GAUGES A series of gauges are available to make intraoral analysis easier. The gauges allow for • fast, simple analysis and diagnosis of tooth width problems, tooth length problems and gingival length discrepancies; • color coding predefines desired tooth proportions • reference guide between clinician and lab technician

20. BUCCAL CORRIDOR/DARK SPACE (NEGATIVE SPACE) visible during smile formation between the corners of the mouth and the buccal surfaces of the maxillary teeth.

21. width of the smile and the maxillary arch, tone of the facial muscles, positioning of the labial surface of the upper premolars, prominence of the canines particularly at the distal facial line angle and any discrepancy between the value of the premolars and the six anterior teeth.

22. Most apical position of the cervical tooth margin where the gingiva is most scalloped. Distal to the vertical line drawn down the center of the tooth. ZENITH POINTS

23. TOOTH INCLINATIONS From the central to the canine, there should be natural, progressive increase in the mesial inclination of each subsequent anterior tooth. Maxillary central incisor – positioned vertically or slightly labial Maxillary lateral incisor – cervical is tucked in, incisal edge inclined slightly labially Maxillary canine – cervical area positioned labially, cusp tip lingually angulated

24. INTERPROXIMAL CONTACT AREA (ICA): It is defined as the broad zone in which two adjacent teeth touch. It follows the 50:40:30 rule in reference to the maxillary central incisor. The increasing ICA helps to create the illusion of longer teeth by wider and also extend apically to eliminate black triangles.

25. INTERPROXIMAL CONTACT POINT (ICP): It is the most incisal aspect. As a general rule, the ICP moves apically, the further posterior one moves from the midline.

26. INCISAL EMBRASURES Natural, progressive increase in size or depth from the central to the canine. The contact points in their apical progression should mimic the smile line.

27. Make the teeth appear too uniform, Impart the dentition a box like appearance.

28. SEX, AGE AND PERSONALITY

29. SYMMETRY AND BALANCE Symmetrical length and width is most crucial for the centrals. It becomes less absolute as we move further away from the midline.

30. Static symmetry: Mirror image, maxillary central incisors. Dynamic symmetry: Two objects very similar but not identical. Playing with perfect imperfection in the laterals and canines allows for a more vital, dynamic, unique and natural smile.

31. SOFT TISSUE COMPONENTS

32. GINGIVAL HEALTH pale pink in color , stippled, firm and it should exhibit a matte surface; located facially – 3 mm above the alveolar crestal bone and located interdentally – 5 mm above the inter-crestal bone papilla should be pointed and should fill the gingival embrasure right up to the contact area.

33. GINGIVAL LEVEL AND HARMONY Gingival margins of the central incisors should be on the same level, furthermore, they should position themselves more apically to the margins of the lateral incisors and remain on the same level of the margins of the canines. The contour of the gingival margins must coincide with the CEJs of the teeth, and each tooth must have a gingival papilla that occupies the interdental embrasure.

34. GINGIVAL SHAPE Mandibular incisors= Half oval or half circular Maxillary incisors and canines= Elliptical

35. INTERDENTAL EMBRASURE (CERVICAL EMBRASURE)

36. SMILE LINE Imaginary line along the incisal edges of the maxillary anterior teeth which should mimic the curvature of the superior border of the lower lip while smiling.

37. Reverse smile line or inverse smile line occurs when the centrals appear shorter than the canines along the incisal plane.

38. LIP LINE Position of the inferior border of the upper lip during smile formation and thereby determines the display of tooth or gingiva at this hard and soft tissue interface.

39. SHADE SELECTION The body of the tooth can be fairly uniform in color but the gingival third should be noticeably richer in chroma. The chroma should also increase from central to the canine, canine having a higher chroma.

40. Hue: The dominant color of an object, for example red, green, or blue. Value: Value is also known as the gray scale. It is the vertical, or Z-axis Value increases toward the high end (lighter) and decreases toward the low end (darker). Chroma: Chroma is the degree of saturation of a particular hue.

41. CONCLUSION Our aim has to be less reduction of tooth structure and greater esthetics and durability. This simply means that cosmetic dentistry has to be a multispecialty branch, wherein all treatments like orthodontics, periodontics, surgical procedures have to be performed whenever deemed necessary.