Process of Making Multimedia.ppt

A simple explanation on MM project, Team and Skills

1. Process of Making
Multimedia
Unit 5 : Chapter 2

2. Objectives
Determine the scope, elements, cost, timeline
and tasks required to complete a project.
Identify tools and techniques to overcome
project management problems.
Identify principles and various strategies for
creating interactive multimedia.
Understand the benefits and drawbacks of
various options for packaging and delivering
multimedia project.

3. Multimedia Production Phases
Theproductionofinteractivemultimediaapplicationsis
acomplexone,involvingmultiplesteps.
Thisprocesscanbedividedintothefollowingphases:
1.Conceptualization
2.Developmentplan
3.Preproduction
4.Production
5.Postproduction
6.Documentation
7.packaging
8.Delivery

4. 1.Conceptualization
Theprocessofmakingmultimediastartswithan"idea"orbetter
describedas"thevision"-whichistheconceptualstartingpoint.
Conceptualizationinvolves:
Identifyingarelevantthemeforthemultimediatitle.
Availabilityofcontent
Howamenableisthecontenttomultimediatreatment
Issueslikecopyrightarealsotobeconsidered.

5. 2.Development Plan
Definingprojectgoalsandobjectives
 Specificgoals,objectivesandactivitiesmatrixmustbelaiddown.
Goals:Inmultimediaproductiongoalsaregeneralstatementsofanticipatedproject
outcomes,usuallymoreglobalinscope.
Objectives:Specificstatementsofanticipatedprojectoutcomes.
•Activities:Theseareactions,thingsdoneinordertoimplementan
objective.
Specificpeopleareresponsiblefortheirexecution,
acostisrelatedtotheirimplementation
Thereisatimeframebindingtheirdevelopment.
•DefiningtheTargetAudience
Averyimportantelementthatneedstobedefinedatthisstage
isthepotentialtargetaudienceoftheproposedtitlesince,this
willdeterminehowthecontentneedstobepresented.

6. 3.Preproduction
Theprocessofintelligentlymappingoutacohesivestrategyfor
theentiremultimediaproject,including:
content,technicalexecutionandmarketing.
TheProductionManagerundertakesthefollowingactivities.
Developmentofthebudgetcontrolsystem
Hiringofallspecialistsinvolvedinthemultimediadevelopment
process
Contractingvideoandaudioproductioncrewsandrecording
studios
Equipmentrental,leasingandpurchasing
Softwareacquisitionandinstallation
Planningtheresearchworkofthecontentspecialists
Developmentofthemultimedia
applicationoutline
schedules
Coordinationoflegalaspectsofproduction

7. 4.Production
Activitiesinthisphaseinclude:
ContentResearch
InterfaceDesign
GraphicsDevelopment
Selectionofmusicalbackgroundandsoundrecording
Developmentofcomputeranimation
Productionofdigitalvideo
Authoring

8. 5.Postproduction
Inthisphase,themultimediaapplicationentersthe:
Alphaandbetatestingprocess.
Alpha:
Testingconductedinternallybythemanufacturer
Takesanewproductthroughaprotocoloftestingprocedurestoverify
productfunctionalityandcapability.
Beta:
Thesecond-stagetest-version,whichisdistributedfreetoalimited
sampleofuserssothattheycansubjectittodailyuseandreportany
problemstothemanufacturer.
Afterthe"bugs"arefixed,thefinalversionoftheprogramisreleased
tothegeneralpublic.
Oncetheapplicationistestedandrevised,itentersthe
packagingstage.
 ItcouldbeburnedintoaCD-ROMorpublishedontheinternetasa
website.

9. 6.Documentation
Userdocumentationisaveryimportantfeatureof
high-endmultimediatitles.
Thisincludes:
Instructionsforinstalling
Systemrequirement
Developingacknowledgments
Copyrights
Technicalsupportandotherinformationimportantforthe
user.

10. 7. Delivering
Majority of multimedia products sold into
retail and business channel are delivered
on CD or DVD and/or World Wide Web
Advantages of using CD or DVD:
inexpensive and for short runs of a product
Can hold as much as 84 minutes sound or
more than 700MB of data

11. 8. Packaging
Packaging is where sales and marketing
issues in the process of making
multimedia into the real world of end
users.
The purpose is to impress the users:
CD –pretty cover, cardboard box, and shrink-
wrap that is required for over-the –counter
software sold to customer
Web –sufficient storage media or upload it to a
server

12. Summary
Italsoincludesthestepbystepphase
fromstarttofinishtomakesurethe
developmentrunssmoothaccordingto
thetimeconstraintanddateline.

13. Multimedia Skills
Multimedia developers come from all
corners of the computer, art, literacy, film,
and audio worlds
To produce good multimedia, need
detailed knowledge of computers, text,
graphics arts, sound, and video
Normally multimedia project –team effort.

14. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Multimedia Team (Prof. Wes Baker –Cedarville University, Ohio):
Executive Producer
Producer/Project Manager
Creative Director/Multimedia Designer
Art Director/Visual Designer
Artist
Interface Designer
Game Designer
Subject Matter Expert
Instructional Designer/Training Specialist
Script Writer
Animator (2D/3D)
Sound Producer
Music Composer
Video Producer
Multimedia Programmer
HTML Coder
Lawyer/Media Acquisition
Marketing Director

15. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Project Manager
Center of action
Responsible for overall development and implementation of a project as well as
day-to-day operations
Budgets
Schedules
Creative sessions
Time sheets
Illness
Invoices
Team dynamics
Technical & operational expert

16. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Multimedia Designer
Designing the look & feel of a multimedia
project
Screen color, visual consistency, meaningful icons,
simple screen elements, content layout, content
structure
Graphics Designer, illustrators, animators, and image
processing specialist –visual
Instructional Designer –navigation pathways and
content maps
Information Designer –structure content, determine
user pathways and feedback, and select presentation
media

17. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Interface Designer
Interface provides control to the people who
use it
Backgrounds, icons, control panels –result of
am interface designer

18. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Writer
Create character, action, and point of view –
create creativity
Write proposals, script voice-over and actors’
narrations, write text screens to deliver
messages, and develop characters designed for
an interactive environment
Glean information from content experts,
synthesize it, and then communicate it in a clear
and concise manner

19. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Video Specialist
Videographers, sound technician, lighting
designers, set designers, script supervisors,
grips, production assistants, and actors.
Skilled in managing all phases of production,
from concept to final edit

20. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Audio Specialist
Wizards who make a multimedia program come
alive, designing and producing music, voice-
over narrations, and sound effects.
Selecting suitable music and talent, scheduling
recording sessions, and digitizing and editing
recorded material into computer files

21. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Multimedia Programmer
Software engineer
Integrates all the multimedia elements of a
project into a seamless whole using authoring
system or programming language
JavaScript, OpenScript, Lingo, Authorware,
Java, C++, etc.

22. Multimedia Skills –
The Team
Producer, Multimedia for the Web
Network Engineer
Putting together a coordinated set of pages for
the World Wide Web
Creative process, skillsets
Website never finished, remain dynamics
Most of the time maintaining the multimedia
program for easily access by user

23. Planning & Costing
Project Planning
The process of Making Multimedia
Idea Analysis
Pretesting
Prototype Development
Alpha Development
Beta Development
Delivery
Hardware
Available Skills and Software
Idea Management Software
Building a Team
Pilot Projects and Prototyping
Task Planning
Scheduling
Costing
Billing rates
Example Cost Sheets

24. Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

25. Idea Analysis
Ideas = purpose or goal against the feasibility and cost of production and delivery
Use note paper
What is the essence of what you want to do? What is your purpose and message
How can you organize your project?
What multimedia element will best deliver your message?
Content material?
Creating something new or improvise old version?
Hardware? Enough?
Storage needed? How much?
Hardware available for your end user?
Multimedia software available?
Capabilities & skills –hardware & software
Team or individual?
Time?
Money?
How to distribute the final project?
Who, what, why, where, when & how?
Audience analysis: Who is it for?
Needs analysis: Why develop it?
Content analysis: What will it cover?
Resource analysis: How and how much?
Estimate: When will it get done?
Think about marketing and distribution.
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

26. Pretesting
Define project goals in greater detail
Skills required
Content
Costing (money & time)
How to sell it
Prototype on paper with an explanation of how
it will work
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

27. Prototype Development
Develop working prototype
Building screen mock-ups, human interface menu & button
Select a small portion of a large project & get that part working
as it would in the final product
Test your prototype along several fronts:
Cost
Market
Human Interface
Purpose: test the initial implementation of your idea and improve
on it based upon test results.
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

28. Alpha Development
Detail the storyboard –bring in end user for
gathered information
Graphic art
Sound and video production
Test on working prototype
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

29. Beta Development
Too late to bail out
Committed serious money, time and energy
Wider tester
Concern should be simply successfully steering
the project to its well-defined goal.
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

30. Delivery
Worries toward the marketplace
How will your project be received by its
intended audience?
Issues:
Hotline, after sales maintenance, server co-location,
Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

31. Project Planning: Hardware
Most common limiting factor for realizing a
multimedia idea: no sound board; no
sound effects; no synthesizer; no MIDI
composer by you on-site; no high-
resolution color display; no modem or
network; no network
Listing the hardware capabilities of the end
users’ computer platform
If the capabilities are not enough, discuss with
end user (examine the cost)

32. Project Planning:
Available Skills and Software
Make a list of skills & software capabilities
available
Budget for new and more powerful
software and for the learning curve
required

33. SiteSpring, Microsoft Project, Designer’s Edge,
Screenplay System’s Screenwriter and Story View ~
useful for arranging ideas and tasks, work items,
employee resources, and cost required for multimedia
project
To help you stay within tight schedule and budget
Project Management Software provides Critical Path
Method (CPM) scheduling functions to calculate the total
duration of a project based upon each identified task,
earmarking task that are critical and that, if lengthened,
will result a delay in project completion
Used of Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT),
Gantt Chart
Project Planning:
Idea Management Software

34. Multimedia requires a set of skills so broad
Need a team, know what expertise required for a project
Building a matrix chart of required skills is helpful
Project Planning:
Building a Team

35. Pilot project phase
Test ideas, mock up interfaces, exercise the
hardware platform
Determine the actual cost of the project
Project Planning:
Pilot Projects and Prototyping

36. Brief checklist of action item for which we should plan ahead:
Design Instructional Framework
Hold Creative Idea Session
Determine Delivery Platform
Assay Available Content
Draw navigation Map
Create Storyboard
Design Interface
Design Information Containers
Research/Gather Content
Assemble Team
Build Prototype
Conduct User Test
Revise Design
Create Graphics
Create Animations
Produce Audio
Produce Video
Project Planning:
Task Planning
Digitize Audio and Video
Take Still Photographs
Program and Author
Test Functionality
Fix Bugs
Conduct Beta Test
Create Golden Master
Replicate
Prepare Package
Deliver or Install at Web Site
Award Bonuses
Throw Party

37. Timeline
Estimate total time required for each task
and then allocate this time among the
number of persons will be asynchronously
working on the project
Scheduling difficult for multimedia:
Making multimedia is artistic trial and error
Technological upgrade during development
Client feedback
Project Planning: Scheduling

38. Costing
Production and manufacturing industries –simple matter to estimate cost
and effort
Multimedia is not a repetitive manufacturing process
Multimedia development is a continuous research and development effort
characterized by creative trial and error
Production cost (30-second commercial spot storyboard costs about
RM50K)
Storyboard production
Postproduction editing
Actor (per hour)
Composer (audio production)
Animator (graphical production)
Administration and management cost
Three elements in project estimates:
Time
Money
People

39. Costing: Billing Rates
Set according cost of doing business plus
a reasonable profit margin
Contractor and consultant can bring
specialized skills such as graphic art.
Programming, database expertise, music
composition.
Make sure your billing rate is higher than theirs

40. Costing:
Example Cost Sheets

41. Proposal
Executive summary, briefly describing the
project;s goal, how the goal will be
achieved and the cost
Creative issues, technical issues, project
estimation and project plan, cost
estimation for each phase, contract terms.

42. Assignment : Proposal
The cover page
Table of contents
Need Analysis and Description
Target audience
Creative strategy
A description of the look and feel of the project
Project implementation
Gantt Chart/PERT, task scheduling
Budget
Relate directly to the scope of work in Project implementation
Limitations of the proposal (if any)