Product design concept

1. Product Design ConceptProduct Design Concept
By Nirjhar ChakravortiBy Nirjhar Chakravorti

2. A brief about Nirjhar ChakravortiA brief about Nirjhar Chakravorti
Nirjhar Chakravorti has completed Mechanical Nirjhar Chakravorti has completed Mechanical
Engineering in 2000 from Jalpaiguri Government Engineering in 2000 from Jalpaiguri Government
Engineering College, India. Engineering College, India.
Nirjhar has experience in design, development Nirjhar has experience in design, development
and project engineering.and project engineering.
During professional life, Nirjhar has worked on During professional life, Nirjhar has worked on
different engineering activities, like equipment different engineering activities, like equipment
design, development and project management, design, development and project management,
feasibility study, life cycle costing, etc.feasibility study, life cycle costing, etc.

3. About this presentationAbout this presentation
This presentation contains:This presentation contains:
What is product design?What is product design?
Objectives of product designObjectives of product design
Features of a good product designFeatures of a good product design
Concepts of product designConcepts of product design
Steps of product designSteps of product design

4. What is product design?What is product design?
Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a
product and transformation of the idea into a reality. product and transformation of the idea into a reality.
To transform the idea into reality a specification about To transform the idea into reality a specification about
the product is prepared. This specification is prepared by the product is prepared. This specification is prepared by
considering different constraints such as production considering different constraints such as production
process, customer expectation, etc. In product design process, customer expectation, etc. In product design
stage every aspects of the product are analyzed. Also stage every aspects of the product are analyzed. Also
final decision regarding the product is taken on the basis final decision regarding the product is taken on the basis
of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect related of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect related
to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, type of to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, type of
material for every components, etc. material for every components, etc.

5. What is product design?What is product design?
Product design is one of the most Product design is one of the most
important and sensitive factor for an important and sensitive factor for an
organization. Success or failure of the organization. Success or failure of the
product decides company’s business, product decides company’s business,
market share and reputation. So during market share and reputation. So during
design stage various factors related to the design stage various factors related to the
product needs to be addressed. product needs to be addressed.

6. Objectives of product designObjectives of product design
To ensure growth of the organization To ensure growth of the organization
To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization, such To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization, such
as physical facility, man power, etc. as physical facility, man power, etc.
To utilize the surplus fund of the organization To utilize the surplus fund of the organization
To meet new requirement of the customers To meet new requirement of the customers
To increase company’s market share and to target new To increase company’s market share and to target new
market segment market segment
To ensure complete product range in company’s To ensure complete product range in company’s
portfolio portfolio

7. Features of a good product designFeatures of a good product design
Functionality:Functionality: The product must function The product must function
properly for intended purpose. properly for intended purpose.
Reliability:Reliability: The product must perform properly The product must perform properly
for the designated period of time.for the designated period of time.
Productivity:Productivity: The product must be produced The product must be produced
with a required quantity and quality at a defined with a required quantity and quality at a defined
and feasible cost. and feasible cost.

8. Features of a good product designFeatures of a good product design
Quality:Quality: The product must satisfy customer’s The product must satisfy customer’s
stated and unstated needs.stated and unstated needs.
Standardization:Standardization: The product should be The product should be
designed in such a fashion so that most of the designed in such a fashion so that most of the
components are standardized and easily components are standardized and easily
available in the market.available in the market.

9. Features of a good product designFeatures of a good product design
Maintainability:Maintainability: The product must perform for The product must perform for
a designated period with a minimum and defined a designated period with a minimum and defined
maintenance. Adequate provision for maintenance. Adequate provision for
maintenance should be kept in the product.maintenance should be kept in the product.
Cost effectiveness:Cost effectiveness: The product must be cost The product must be cost
effective. The must be manufactured in the most effective. The must be manufactured in the most
cost effective environment.cost effective environment.

10. Concepts of product designConcepts of product design
Research & development:Research & development:
Basic research is a search for new knowledge. It Basic research is a search for new knowledge. It
does not have any immediate application, but does not have any immediate application, but
based on the basic research new product can be based on the basic research new product can be
developed in future. developed in future.
Applied research has objective of developing Applied research has objective of developing
commercial products. commercial products.

11. Concepts of product designConcepts of product design
Reverse engineering:Reverse engineering:
Reverse engineering is the process of carefully Reverse engineering is the process of carefully
dismantling a product, understanding its design dismantling a product, understanding its design
and developing a product which is better than and developing a product which is better than
the existing one. the existing one.

12. Concepts of product designConcepts of product design
CAD-CAM:CAD-CAM:
By using 3D modeling software system, By using 3D modeling software system,
designers develop a computerized model of a designers develop a computerized model of a
new product and analyze its design parameters. new product and analyze its design parameters.
After computer aided design (CAD), computer After computer aided design (CAD), computer
aided manufacturing (CAM) system produce the aided manufacturing (CAM) system produce the
product by using CNC facility.product by using CNC facility.

13. Concepts of product designConcepts of product design
Concurrent engineering (CE):Concurrent engineering (CE):
CE is different than conventional approach of CE is different than conventional approach of
design. In CE, different co-related teams are design. In CE, different co-related teams are
formed, which perform different activities for formed, which perform different activities for
developing a product. For example, development developing a product. For example, development
of market concept, design of product, of market concept, design of product,
development of manufacturing process, selection development of manufacturing process, selection
and arrangement of material for new design is and arrangement of material for new design is
performed by different teams at the same time. It performed by different teams at the same time. It
reduces considerable amount of time to develop a reduces considerable amount of time to develop a
new product.new product.
In practice different concepts are combined and In practice different concepts are combined and
applied together to design a new product.applied together to design a new product.

14. Steps of product designSteps of product design
Synthesis: Try to develop different alternativesSynthesis: Try to develop different alternatives
Sketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different alternativesSketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different alternatives
Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to operability, Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to operability,
maintainability, inspection, assembling and dismantling issues, cost maintainability, inspection, assembling and dismantling issues, cost
parameters, production methos, etc.parameters, production methos, etc.
Selection: Select the best alternativeSelection: Select the best alternative
Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate strength Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate strength
of components, select proper cost effective materail.of components, select proper cost effective materail.
Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each
componentcomponent
Prototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype and test itPrototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype and test it
Manufacturing: If prototype is not made, then follow manufacturing Manufacturing: If prototype is not made, then follow manufacturing
steps and solve manufacturing problems and assembly problems, if steps and solve manufacturing problems and assembly problems, if
any.any.
Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of the new Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of the new
product. If any problem exists, try to provide design based solution. product. If any problem exists, try to provide design based solution.
Also, implement lessons in the future design.Also, implement lessons in the future design.
Product development: If any modification can be done, implement Product development: If any modification can be done, implement
the same in the next generation product.the same in the next generation product.