PROJECTWORK PRESENTATION.ppppppppppppptx

PROJECTWORK

1. PROJECT WORK PRESENTATION/DEFENDING BY: Cynthia Bavor - 1150565 Tettey -Asher Priscilla - 1150470 Doris Nketia - 1150481

2. TITTLE Barriers to the Utilization of Postnatal Care Services at Taifa Polyclinic in th e Ga East District of Ghana

3. PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Background 2. Research Problem Statement 3. Objectives 4. Study Design, Setting, and Population 5. Ethics 6. Sample Size Determination Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 7. Data Collection 8. Data and Statistical Analyses 9. Results and Discussions 10. Implications and Conclusion 11. Limitation 12. Recommendation

4. Postnatal Period: From one hour after placenta delivery to 6 weeks (42 days) postpartum (WHO, 1998). Significance: Early Postnatal Care (EPNC) crucial for preventing maternal deaths (WHO). Current Status in Ghana: National protocol recommends three PNC visits for uncomplicated pregnancies (GHS, 2008; MoH , 2014). However, utilization rates differ significantly between urban and rural areas. Background

5. Critical Need: Survival and well-being of mother and newborn hinge on care received during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal period. High Mortality Rates: Significant maternal and neonatal deaths occur within 24 hours post-delivery (Lawn et al., 2005). Global Perspective: Neonatal mortality constitutes about two-thirds of under-one child deaths globally, with most deaths in developing countries (WHO, 2012). Research Problem Statement

6. General Aim: Identify barriers to the utilization of postnatal care among mothers in Taifa , Ga East district. Specific Objectives: Assess the rate of PNC service utilization. Evaluate mothers' knowledge level on the importance of PNC services. Identify perceived barriers to PNC service utilization Objectives

7. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study. Setting: Taifa Polyclinic, Ga East district, Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Population: Mothers attending PNC at Taifa Polyclinic Study Design, Setting, and Population

8. Permissions: Obtained from Taifa Polyclinic and Wisconsin International University College. Considerations: Informed consent, confidentiality, privacy, voluntary participation, and anonymity maintained throughout the study. Ethics

9. Formula Used: Yamane (1967) formula for sample size calculation. Population: Estimated 200 mothers attending PNC services. Final Sample Size: Adjusted for 10% non-response rate, yielding a total sample size of 146 mothers. Sample Size Determination

10. Inclusion Criteria: Mothers seeking postnatal care services at Taifa Polyclinic. Willingness to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Mothers present at the hospital for reasons other than postnatal care Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

11. Method: Structured questionnaires with closed-ended questions. Sections of Questionnaire: Demographic data. Utilization of PNC services Knowledge level of PNC importance. Perceived barriers to PNC service utilization. Procedure: Introductory letter and consent obtained. Data collection on clinic days (Thursdays). Assistance provided to respondents unable to read. Data Collection

12. Software: SPSS version 21. Analysis Techniques: Frequencies and percentages for basic patterns. Mean, median, and standard deviation for quantitative data. Data and Statistical Analyses

13. Age Distribution : 25-29 years: 45.9% 20-24 years: 27.4% 30-34 years: 10.3% 15-19 years: 6.8% Results and Discussions Educational Level : SHS: 41.1% No Formal Education: 17.1% Tertiary: 15.8% Primary: 26% Marital Status : Married: 47.9% Single: 20.5% Cohabitating: 20.5% Divorced: 11% Religious Affiliation : Christians: 68.5% Muslims: 27.4% Employment Status : Self-employed: 55% Formally employed: 20% Unemployed: 25%

14. Results and Discussions Type of Birth : Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery: 68.5% Cesarean Section: 31.5% Antenatal and Postnatal Care : ANC Visits > 3 times: 61.6% PNC Visits > 3 times: 58% Reproductive Health Characteristics of Respondents Number of Children : 1-3 children: 68.5% More than 3 children: 31.5% Birth Place : Health Facility: 93.2% Non-Health Facility: 6.8%

15. Results Knowledge Level of Respondents on Postnatal Care Utilization Awareness : High awareness: 89% Low awareness: 11% Importance of PNC Utilization : Enhances knowledge of maternal danger signs: Strong agreement Exclusive breastfeeding: Strong agreement Type of Postnatal Care Services Received by Respondents Physical Examination : Mean Score 4.0 Breastfeeding Support : Mean Score 4.1 Screening for Postpartum Depression : Mean Score 4.0 Examination of Newborn : Mean Score 4.3 Immunization : Mean Score 4.2

16. Results Cont. Level of Satisfaction of Respondents on PNC Utilization Overall Satisfaction : Mean Score 3.8 Standard Deviation : 1.1 (indicating significant variation in responses) Perceived Barriers to Effective PNC Utilization Lack of Transport Money : Mean Score 4.0 Long Waiting Hours : Mean Score 4.1 Lack of Time : Mean Score 4.2 Insufficient Support from Healthcare Providers : Mean Score 4.5 Poor Amenities : Mean Score 3.1 Fear of Witches : Mean Score 3.6

17. Sociodemographic Factors : Education level, marital status, and employment status significantly impact PNC utilization. Reproductive Health Trends : High rates of health facility deliveries and spontaneous vaginal deliveries indicate improved healthcare access. PNC Utilization : High awareness but moderate actual utilization; indicates need for better communication and support from healthcare providers. Barriers : Financial constraints, lack of time, and insufficient support are major barriers to effective PNC utilization. Discussion s

18. Implications : High awareness of PNC among mothers, yet significant barriers hinder effective utilization. Need for better support systems, including financial aid and educational programs to improve PNC services. Conclusion : Majority of respondents are aware of PNC and its benefits. Major barriers include lack of time, support, and financial constraints. Effective PNC utilization requires addressing these barriers through targeted interventions. Implications and Conclusion

19. Sample Size : Limited to 146 respondents, may not be representative of the larger population. Geographic Scope : Focused on Taifa , Ga East District, results may not be generalizable to other regions. Self-Reporting : Data based on self-reports, potential for bias or inaccurate reporting. Limitations

20. Recommendations 1 Increase access to health services at community level, particularly for pregnant women and nursing mothers Scale-Up CHPS Program 2 Roll out in rural areas to mitigate distance challenges Home-Based PNC Services: 3 Employ innovative approaches to increase PNC service utilization Innovative Outreach: 4 Educate and involve men to support maternal health. Engage Men in Maternal Health Programs:

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