PROSTHETIC FEET description and its types

Prosthetics foot and its types SACH foot , jaipur foot, multiflex foot, STEN foot, Advance foot biomechanics

1. PROSTHETIC FEET -ESHA S. MALIK MPO [1] st

2. TYPES OF PROSTHETIC FEET ARTICULATED Single axis. Greis singer multiple-axis. Hydraulic multiple-axis. NON ARTICULATED Solid-ankle cushion heel (SACH). Stored Energy(STEN) foot. Carbon Copy II foot. Seattle Foot. Flex-Foot .

3. SOLID ANKLE CUSHIONED HEEL

4. INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES All activity levels. Very high level activities. Light weight Heel cushion may loose its elasticity with time. Even terrain. Strong The rubber or heel cushion may corrode with time. Light weight components No moving parts. Wet and dry environment. Little maintenance. Fair shock absorption.

5. STORED ENERGY FOOT (STEN) WOODEN KEEL RUBBER PLUG

6. INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Very active patients. Limited activity level. Provides a smooth/natural gait pattern. Expensive. Athletic patients. It is available in waterproof material.

7. JAIPUR FOOT

8. SINGLE AXIS FOOT

9. INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Weak quadriceps Wet/dry environment. Increased knee stability. High maintenance. Distal anterior tibia painful/ bony The bumpers can be adjusted. Heavy Hilly environment. Less cosmetic. Tendency to be noisy. Wet environment.

10. MULTI AXIS FOOT

11. INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Rough or uneven terrain. Wet/ dirty environment. Provides a smooth\ natural gait. Increased weight. Weak quadriceps. Limited activity level. Reduce torque on the stump. Increased maintenance. Distal anterior tibia painful / bony . Patients who seldom walk on uneven terrain. It is easy to adjust. Wet environment will cause rust/breakdown.

12. ENERGY RECOVERY FOOT

13. Types of energy recovery foot

14. PROSTHETIC FOOT ALIGNMNET The abduction/adduction angle of the stump should be carefully measured during assessment. Plumb line should be drawn on the cast, transferred to the socket and followed during bench alignment. External rotation 5 degrees in relation to the line of progression

15. Rf-Daphne Wezenberg ,, Andrea G. Cutti,Antonino Bruno, Han Houdijk , Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Research and Development, Heliomare , Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Research and Development, INAIL Prosthesis Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy COMPARISON OF ENERGY STORING FOOT AND SOLID ANKLE CUSHIONED HEEL. Walking with a lower-limb prosthesis results in a higher metabolic energy cost than walking with two intact limbs. Introduction of the energy storage and return (ESAR) foot, a passive-elastic prosthetic foot was marketed that was able to more closely mimic the human ankle by storing energy during stance and releasing this energy at push-off. Abbreviations: COM = center of mass, COP = center of pres -sure, ESAR = energy storage and return, SACH = solid-ankle cushioned heel.

16. Rf-Daphne Wezenberg ,, Andrea G. Cutti,Antonino Bruno, Han Houdijk , Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Research and Development, Heliomare , Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Research and Development, INAIL Prosthesis Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy AIM AND OBJECTIVE ESAR feet are able to reduce the mechanical energy dissipated during the step-to step transition. INCLUSION CRETERIA Unilateral amputee. Cause of amputation – Trauma. EXCLUSION CRETARIA A ny musculoskeletal disorder or neurological disease. METHEDOLOGY Source: The study was approved by the INAIL research board ( Commissione Tec- nico Scientifica ; Budrio, Italy). Data collection : Fifteen males with a unilateral amputation.

17. RESULT Mechanical Work Performed on Center of Mass. Rf-Daphne Wezenberg ,, Andrea G. Cutti,Antonino Bruno, Han Houdijk , Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Research and Development, Heliomare , Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Research and Development, INAIL Prosthesis Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy

18. Prosthetic Push-Off Work Rf-Daphne Wezenberg ,, Andrea G. Cutti,Antonino Bruno, Han Houdijk , Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Research and Development, Heliomare , Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Research and Development, INAIL Prosthesis Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy

19. Rf-Daphne Wezenberg ,, Andrea G. Cutti,Antonino Bruno, Han Houdijk , Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Research and Development, Heliomare , Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; 2 Department of Research and Development, INAIL Prosthesis Centre, Vigorso di Budrio, Bologna, Italy