Proteomics-An introduction to basic concepts 2

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, including their structure, function, interactions, modifications, and expression levels within a biological system (e.g., cells, tissues, or biofluids). It provides insights into how proteins regulate biological processes, disease mechanisms, and potential biomarkers.

Proteomics can be applied in Biomarker Discovery – Identifying disease-specific proteins (e.g., tuberculous meningitis biomarkers).
💊 Drug Development – Understanding protein-drug interactions.
🧬 Personalized Medicine – Tailoring treatments based on protein profiles.
🦠 Infectious Diseases – Investigating host-pathogen interactions.

1. Proteomics Introduction and basic concepts

2. What is proteomics? Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins , including their structure, function, interactions, modifications, and expression levels within a biological system (e.g., cells, tissues, or biofluids). It provides insights into how proteins regulate biological processes, disease mechanisms, and potential biomarkers .

3. Branches of proteomics Structural Proteomics – Determines the 3D structure of proteins and protein complexes. Expression Proteomics – Compares protein expression between different conditions (e.g., healthy vs. diseased states). Functional Proteomics – Investigates protein interactions, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and signaling pathways. Clinical Proteomics – Identifies biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy (e.g., in tuberculosis, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases).

4. Key Techniques in Proteomics Technique Purpose Mass Spectrometry (MS) Identifies and quantifies proteins. 2D Gel Electrophoresis Separates proteins by size and charge. Liquid Chromatography-MS (LC-MS) Enhances protein separation for complex samples. Western Blotting Detects specific proteins using antibodies. ELISA Measures protein concentration in biofluids. Protein Microarrays Analyzes multiple proteins simultaneously.