Publication misconduct FINAL.pptx

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1. PUBLICATION MISCONDUCT: DEFINITION, CONCEPT, PROBLEMS THAT LEAD TO UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR AND VICE VERSA, TYPES 23PHD0231 P SAKTHIVEL 23PHD0132 SUBBIAH S 23PHD0425 SURESH V

2. Publication misconduct – Definition and concept Any unethical behavior relating to the publishing is called publication mis-conduct . Publication misconduct makes all time, money and efforts spent on research in vane and leads to detrimental effects with a high possibility of non repairable damages in the research world. There is a zero tolerance policy towards papers associated with publication misconduct, which includes fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, inappropriate authorship, duplicate submission, overlapping publication, salami publication . Publishing is an important process after scientific research on a particular topic or a creative work. A researcher or a scholar has to publish his work to get scientific communication among peers and to get the attention of the public. A research paper called article has to be published only after completing the systematic and scientific research process.

3. Need for study Research work is not confined to the boundaries of a country. It has universal scope . The countries like United States of America and China are publishing more than 800000 technical and scientific journals. Several other countries are also focusing on increasing the number of articles publishing in a year. This increases the need of understanding ethical guidelines and several misconducts that may be linked with the research work and publication process.

4. Objectives / learning outcomes To examine various forms of misconduct in publishing. To brief on the effect of mis-conduct in publications. To make awareness about the different ways to prevent mis-conduct . Publication misconduct is one of the serious problems in connection with the research ethics which arises due to disrespect of intellectual property right of others who genuinely work for raising the academic and living standards .

5. Problems that lead to unethical behavior – an overview / introduction Improves writing skill Helps in knowledge up-gradation Keeps me updated Teaches me about literature survey Makes happy Creates a set of knowledge for others Keeps alive as a researcher Motivate others to research Publicity to work

6. Reasons for Unethical misconduct Career pressures Researcher’s personal psychology Lack of appropriate training and skills Insufficient supervision or mentoring Inadequate knowledge Competency with colleagues

7. Consequence of Publication misconduct End to career as a researcher Academic achievement taken away Huge loss Destroy public trust on researchers

8. Identification of publication misconduct Plagiarism / Text recycling (‘self-plagiarism’) Duplicate/redundant publication Authorship issues Disputes, gift authorship, ghost authorship Data fabrication/falsification Image manipulation Undisclosed competing interests Lack of ethics approval – animal or human Unethical treatment of participants Lack of consent

9. Types Publication Misconduct Fabrication Falsification Plagiarism Inappropriate authorship Duplicate submission / multiple submission Overlapping publication Salami publication : Deliberate interference

10. Fabrication is making up data or results and recording or reporting them. Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment or processes or changing or omitting data or results such that the Research is not accurately represented in the Research record. Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person’s ideas , processes , results or words without giving appropriate credit . Inappropriate authorship : Authorship is not appropriately assigned based on their contributions. Duplicate submission / multiple submission : It refers to the practice of submitting the same manuscript or several manuscript with minor differences to two or more journals at the same time, or submitting to another journal within an agreed or stipulated period .

11. Contd., Overlapping publication : It refers to the practice of publishing a paper that overlaps substantially with one already published. Salami publication : Salami publication refers to the practice of slicing data from a large study, could have been reported in a single paper, into different pieces and publishing them in two or more articles, all of which covers the same population methods and question. Deliberate interference is intentionally causing material harm to the research work or scholarly work of others and may include damaging or destroying the property of others, such as research equipment or supplies; disrupting active experiments; or altering or deleting products of research including data.

12. Conclusions Scientific misconduct is a serious problem that can have a significant impact on the integrity of research. Retractions are a way of notifying the scientific community that an article has been withdrawn because it contains serious problems, such as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism. One limitation of retractions is that they are often incomplete or inaccurate . For example, retractions may not always specify the nature of the misconduct that led to the retraction, or they may not identify all of the authors who were involved in the misconduct. Another limitation of retractions is that they may not be widely disseminated . Retraction notices are typically published in the journal in which the retracted article was originally published, but they may not be picked up by other journals or databases . This can make it difficult for researchers to be aware of retracted articles. Despite their limitations, retractions can still play an important role in making scientific misconduct visible . Retraction notices can alert the scientific community to problems with a particular study, and they can help to deter future instances of misconduct. In a 2017 study, Felicitas Hesselmann and colleagues reviewed the literature on retracted journal articles. They found that the number of retracted articles has been increasing in recent years, and that the most common reasons for retraction are fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism .

13. More needs to be done to make scientific misconduct more visible, so that it can be prevented and addressed effectively. Here are some of the steps that can be taken to make scientific misconduct more visible: Journals should be more transparent about the reasons for retractions. Retraction notices should be disseminated more widely . Researchers should be more vigilant in detecting and reporting misconduct . Universities and other research institutions should have strong policies in place to prevent and address misconduct. By taking these steps, we can help to ensure that scientific misconduct is made more visible, and that it is prevented and addressed effectively

14. References How to avoid misconduct in research and publishing (elsevier.com) Publication misconduct – Yogita Talwar, Dr.S.Aravind – Emperor international journal of Library and Information Technology research Types of publication misconduct | SAGE India (sagepub.com) Research Misconduct | MIT Office of the Vice President for Research Fundamentals of ethics for scientists and engineers – Edmund G Seebauer , Robert L Barry Research and publication ethics – class notes

15. CONTRIBUTIONS Mr.S.Subbiah – Publication misconduct definition and concept Mr.P.Sakthivel – Problems that leads to unethical behavior Mr.V.Suresh – Publication misconduct types

16. Thank You