Purvi shah anatomy of tibia ppt

Anatomy of tibia in details by Purvi shah
it's clinical anatomy, side determination, features.
Tibia Lower Limb bone part-4
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1. Anatomy Of Tibia LL Bone Part-4 BY PURVI SHAH B.P.T

2. Tibia

3. Tibia It is the medial and larger bone of the leg. It is homologous with the radius of UL. t supports most of your weight and is an important part of both the  knee joint   and Ankle joint. It carries weight of body from the femur to foot.

4. Side Determination Upper end is much larger than lower end. The medial side of the lower end projects downwards beyond the rest of the bone is called medial malleolus . The anterior border of the shaft is most prominent and crest like.

5. Features The Tibia has an upper end , a shaft and a lower end. UPPER END : Expanded from side to side, Upper end includes; a medial condyle, a lateral condyle, intercondylar area,a tuberosity.

6. Features Medial Condyle : It is larger than lateral condyle. Articular surface is oval and it’s long axis is anteroposterior. Central part of the surface is concave and comes into contact with femoral condyle. Posterior surface of the medial condyle has a groove. The anterior and medial surfaces are marked by a numerous vascular foramina.

7. Features Lateral Epicondyle : It is smaller than medial condyle. The superior surface articulates with lateral condyle of femur. Articular surface is nearly circular. The articular surface has a raised medial margin which covers the lateral intercondylar tubercle.

8. Intercondylar area It is the roughened area on the superior surface. The area is narrowest in its middle part. This part is elevated to form the intercondylar eminence which is flanked by the medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles.

9. Tuberosity Of The Tibia Tuberosity of the tibia is a prominence located on the anterior aspect of the upper end of the tibia. Tuberosity divided into an upper smooth area and a lower rough area. The epiphyseal line for the upper end of the tibia passes through the junction of these two parts.

10. Shaft The shaft of tibia is PRISMOID in shape. Three borders Anterior (sharp and s shaped) Medial (rounded) Interosseous. Three surfaces Lateral Medial Posterior(it is crossed obliquely by a rough ridge called soleal line.)

11. Lower End Lower end is slightly expanded. It has five surfaces. In the distal part of the tibia forms fibular notch. It consist of medial malleolus and lateral malleolus. Medial malleolus is short but strong.

12. Attachments On The Tibia Attachments on the MEDIAL CONDYLE; semimembranous, capsular ligaments of knee joint, medial patellar retinaculum. Attachments on the LATERAL CONDYLE; iliotibial band, capsular ligaments of the superior tibiofibular joint, EDL, tendon of politeus. Attachments on the INTERCONDYLAR AREA; ACL and PCL .

13. Attachments On Tibia Attachments On The Tibial Tuberosity; ligamentum patellae. Attachments On The Shaft; Tibialis anterior, Sartorius, gracilis and semitendinous. Soleal line give attachments to soleus, fascia covering popliteus and transverse fascial septum,FDL,interosseous tibiofibular ligaments,capsular ligament of ankle joint.

14. Blood Supply Nutrient artery to the tibia is the largest nutrient artery in the body. It is a branch of the posterior tibial artery which enters the bone on its posterior surface.

15. Articulation The tibia is a part of four joints; the knee, ankle, superior and inferior tibiofibular joint .

16. Ossification Tibia ossifies from one primary and two secondary centres. The primary centre appears in the shaft during 7 th week of intrauterine life. A secondary centre for upper end appears just before birth, and fuse with the shaft at 16-18 years.

17. Clinical Anatomy Upper end of tibia is one of the commonest sites for ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS ( knee joint remain safe because of capsular attachment). The tibia is commonly fractured at the junction of the upper two thirds lower one third of shaft. (fracture unite slowly, or may not unite at all as the blood supply to this part of the bone is poor, tearing of nutrient artery.

18. Clinical Anatomy Forward dislocation of the tibia on the talus produce characteristic prominence of the heel in this injury(this is commonest type of the fracture at the ankle). Pott’s fracture: spiral fracture of lateral malleolus, avulsion of the tibial collateral ligament and posterior margin of the lower end of the tibia shears off against the talus.

19. Important Points The tibia has been modeled as taking an axial force during walking that is up to 4.7 bodyweight. Its  bending moment in the sagittal plane in the late stance phase is up to 71.6 bodyweight times mm. Gerdy's tubercle  is a lateral tubercle of the tibia, located where the iliotibial tract inserts. 

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