Purvi shah clavicle & scapula PPT {UL BONE}

Anatomy of UL bone; clavicle and scapula details and it's clinical anatomy.
clavicle is long bone and scapula is flat triangular bone.

1. UL Bone Clavicle and Scapula Part- 1 -Purvi Shah B.P.T

2. Clavicle

3. Clavicle Collar bone Long bone It sits between the shoulder blade and the sternum . There are 2 clavicles in a person, one on the right and the other one on the left side . It is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally.

4. Clavicle Articulation Diarthrosis articulations AC joint SC joint

5. Muscle Attachments Two muscles are attached to the lateral third of the clavicle : The   trapezius muscle , which is attached along the posterior surface of the lateral third of the clavicle . The  deltoid  muscle , where the anterior portion of the muscle is attached to the periosteum at the anterior surface of the bone.

6. Muscle Attachment Three muscles are attached to the medial third of the clavicle : The sternocleidomastoid muscle , clavicular head of the muscle attaches to the medial third of the clavicle . The pectoralis major muscle , which is attached to the anterior surface of the bone . The   subclavius muscle, which is attached to a groove found in the middle of the bone’s inferior surface.

7. Ossification The clavicle is the first bone in the body to ossify; except for its medial end. It ossify in membrane. It ossifies from 2 primary centers & 1 secondary center.

8. Clinical Anatomy It is commonly fractured by falling on the outstretched hand. Most common site is the junction between the two curvatures of the bone, weakest point. Congenitally absent or imperfectly developed in a disease called Cleidcranial dysotosis.

9. Scapula

10. Scapula The scapula is a thin, flat triangular-shaped bone placed on the postero-lateral aspect of the thoracic cage . It has 2 surfaces, 3 borders, 3 angles and 3 processes . Surfaces Costal Surface Dorsal Surface

11. Scapula Borders Superior Border: It is thin and shorter. Lateral Border : This is thick and presents infra glenoid tubercle at the upper end . Medial Border : This is thin and extends from superior to inferior angle.

12. Scapula Angels Superior Angle is covered by trapezius Inferior A ngle is covered by the latissimus dorsi. Lateral Angel is broad and bears glenoid cavity.

13. Scapula Processes Spinuous Process is a triangular plate of bone with 3 borders and 2 surfaces . The posterior border is called the crest of the spine which has upper and lower lips . The Acromion Process has 2 borders, medial and lateral; 2 surfaces and a facet for clavicle. The Coracoid Process

14. Attachments Subscapularis arises from the medial 2/3rds of the subscapular fossa . Supraspinatus arises from medial 2/3rds of supraspinous fossa including upper surface of the spine Infraspinatus arises from medial 2/3rds of infraspinous fossa, including lower surface of spine Deltoid arises from lower border of the crest of spine and from lateral border acromion.

15. Attachments Latissimus Dorsi lower fibers originate from inferior angle of scapula. Trapezius is inserted into the upper border of the crest of the spine. Serratus anterior is inserted along the medial border of costal surface. Long head of biceps arises from supra glenoid tubercle and the short head from the lateral part of the tip of the coracoid process .

16. Attachments Coracobrachialis arises from medial part of tip the coracoids process Pectoralis minor is inserted into the medial border and superior surface of coracoid process . The long head of triceps arises from infra glenoid tubercle. Teres minor arises from upper 2/3rds of rough strip on the dorsal surface along the lateral border . Teres major arises from lower 1/3rd of rough strip on the dorsal aspect of lateral border

17. Attachments Levator scapulae inserted along the dorsal aspect of the medial border, from superior angle up to root of spine. Rhomboideus minor is inserted into medial border (dorsal aspect) opposite to root of spine. Rhomboideus major is inserted into the medial border (dorsal aspect) between the root of spine and inferior angle. Inferior belly of omohyoid arises from upper border near suprascapular notch .

18. Ligaments Coracoacromial ligaments Coracohumeral ligaments Suprascapular ligaments Spinoglenoid ligaments

19. Bursa There are two major bursa: Scapulothoracic Bursa, between the serratus and the thorax, and Subscapularis Bursa, between the subscapularis and the serratus.

20. Ossification O f Scapula Ossifies from 1 primary centre and 7 secondary centres. The primary centre appears near the glenoid cavity during the 8th week of development. The 1st secondary centre appears in the middle of coracoid process during the first year and fuses by the 15th year.

21. Clinical Anatomy Winging of scapula : Paralysis of the serratus anterior causes winging of scapula The medial border of scapula becomes unduly prominent and arm can not be adducted beyond 90 degrees. In a developmental anomaly called scaphoid scapula .

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