QAQC Finishing glass of Building Construction

QAQC Finishing of Glass works in Building Project

1. Glass (QA/QC) B.Siddhartha

2. LIST OF FINISHING ACTIVITIES 1)GLASS CLADDING 2)GRANITE FLOORING 3)VITRIFIED FLOORING & WALL CLADDING 4)CORIAN COLUMN CLADDING 5)TRESPA CLADDING 6)BRAGA WALL CLADDING 7) CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

3. GLASS CLADDING Type of glass 1)Annealed glass 2)Tempered glass 3)Heat strengthened glass 4)Laminated glass. 5)DGU

4. GLASS CLADDING What is annealed glass? Annealed glass is the basic flat glass that is the first result of float process It is a common glass that tends to break into large pieces Annealed glasses are used to produce more advanced products through further processing such as laminating, toughening, coating, etc., Raw materials of glass: Soda ash, dolomite, limes stone, sodium sulphate & waste glasses The raw materials are properly weighed and mixed and then introduced into a furnace where they are melted at 1500°C The molten glass will be subjected to various cycles during production to achieve the required finishes like shape and sizes Glasses thus formed will be cooled under controlled temperatures

5. GLASS CLADDING Why glass? Glass is an indispensable part of all buildings purely because of its unmatched qualities. Does not deteriorate, corrode, stain or fade. Transparent to visible light. Helps to maintain clean environment because of zero degeneration. It can be recycled indefinitely- structure does not deteriorate through the process. Glass is a pure and sustainable material . Noise control Energy saving purpose Easily Replaceable etc……….

6. GLASS CLADDING Quality of glass According to target of use, glass must fulfill several requirements: impact durability bending strength fire protection breakage method light and heat transmission, and reflection optical quality measure accuracy noise control structural systems

7. GLASS CLADDING TEMPERED Vs HEAT STRENGTHENED TEMPERED ~5 times stronger than regular glass Compression stress of glass is 80…140 N/mm 2 depending of glass thickness Glass breaks into small pieces HEAT STRENGTHENED ~2 times stronger than regular glass Compression stress of glass is 20…60 N/mm 2 Glass breaks into big pieces

8. GLASS CLADDING Usage of tempered and HS glass TEMPERED Where use of safety glass is required Where high strength is needed Also laminated HEAT STRENGTHENED Instead of annealed glass where better strength and staying in frames is needed Also laminated

9. GLASS CLADDING Glass Processing in Factory. Toughened Cooled Rapidly. Heat strengthened. Cooling Rapidly.

10. GLASS CLADDING TEMPERED GLASS Tempered glass is made from annealed glass treated with a thermal tempering process. Glass is heated to above its "annealing point" of 600°C. After that glass will be cooled fast. Tempered glass has extremely broad applications in products for both buildings and, automobiles and transport, as well as in other areas. Car windshields and windows, glass portions of building facades, glass sliding doors and partitions in houses and offices, glass furniture such as table tops, and many other products typically use toughened glass. Products made from toughened glass often also incorporate other technologies, especially in the building and automotive and transport sectors

11. GLASS CLADDING TEMPERED GLASS TESTING FRAGMENTATION TEST (EN 12150-1) It is important to conduct for Determining the quality of tempering. SURFACE COMPRESSION STRESS (ASTM 1048C) This test being conducted to determine the Compression Strength of glass. HEAT SOAKING TEST (EN 14179) The heat soak test was developed to detect the presence of nickel sulphide inclusions in toughened glass. Glass Type Thickness (mm) Min Particle count (no's) Float and drawn sheet 3 15 4 to 12 40 15 to 19 30 Patterned 4 to 10 30

12. GLASS CLADDING Heat strengthened glass testing . 1)HEAT STRENGTHEN FRAGMENTATION(EN 1863) It is important to conduct for determining the quality of processing glass. ( i )Shall have no more than 2 “island “fragments. (ii)Shall not have any island fragments with area/mass equivalent exceeding 1000mm2. (iii)Shall not have the area/mass equivalent of all “particles” exceeding 5000mm2. 2)SURFACE COMPRESSION STRESS (ASTM 1048C) This test being conducted to determine the Compression Strength of glass.

13. GLASS CLADDING LAMINATED GLASS TESTING 1)Boil test(BS EN 12543) 2)Surface compression stress(ASTM 1048) 3)Impact strength(ANSI Z.97) 4)Radiation test (BS EN 12543) 5)Humidity test (BS EN 12543)

14. GLASS CLADDING DGU The following test reports to be ensured before DGU process. FRAGMENTATION TEST (EN 12150-1) SURFACE COMPRESSION STRESS (ASTM 1048C) HEAT SOAKING TEST (EN 14179) IMPACT STRENGTH(ANSI Z.97) DOUBLE SIDE TAPE SEALENT TEST REPORTS DECICANNT DETAILS ALUMINIUM SPACER DETAILS.

15. GLASS CLADDING GLASS DEFECTS OBSERVED IN MIAL PROJECT 1.SCRATCHES 2.DIRT INCLUSIONS 3.CHIP-OFF 4.BUBBLES 5.PIN HOLES 6.PVB CORROSION (INTERLAYER) 7.GLASS DISPLACEMENT 8.LAMINATION DEFECTS 9.OPTICAL DISORTION 10.EDGE GRINDING 11. RUBBING MARK 12.UNWANTED MARKS IN GLASS

16. GLASS CLADDING Defect photos Scratch Dirt inclusions

17. GLASS CLADDING Defect photos Chip off Lamination defect-bubbles

18. GLASS CLADDING Defect photos PVB edge corrosion Painting corrosion

19. GLASS CLADDING Defect photos Unwanted marks inside of glass Lamination defects

20. GLASS CLADDING Defect photos Excess grinding Glass displacement

21. GLASS CLADDING GL 23 Glass cladding in drinking water foundation area GL 40 Glass cladding in Front of FLBs-Laminated

22. GLASS CLADDING Travelator glasses Façade glasses –FLB and Building

23. GLASS CLADDING 19mm thickness –FLB Hand rail glasses Sky light Glasses

24. GLASS CLADDING Mega column glass Cable wall glass

25. GRANITE FLOORING The following type of granites we are using at CUT area . 1)Saudi Bianca – Level 1 & 2 Quarry and Processing -Bahrain Total QTY =41000 sqm 100% work completed at site. 2)Santacecilia -Level 3 & 4 Quarry-Brazil Processing- Portugal, Italy, Dubai & Amaranth Total Qty =70000 sqm 95% work completed at site.

26. GRANITE FLOORING Saudi Bianca Santacecilia

27. GRANITE FLOORING Material Selection – Process Flow

28. GRANITE FLOORING Specification requirements of granites – 9750P Compressive Strength Transverse Strength Tensile Strength Shear Strength True Specific Gravity Water absorption, apparent specific gravity and porosity Weathering Durability Resistance to wear by Abrasion Toughness Permeability Water Transmission rate by capillary action Surface softening

29. GRANITE FLOORING In addition to Granite properties the following tests required in site. 1)For Screed surface –Rebound hammer test 2)Stone Adhesive pullout-test Bonding between surface and adhesive. 3)Top sealer application To avoid stain from impregnating the polished granite surface 4) Static Coefficient of slip resistance 5) Sealant Penetration test 6) Physical test on grouts.

30. Granite Flooring Sample TPT Certificate

31. Granite Flooring Granite Flooring installation – Process Flow

32. Granite Flooring Dimension Tolerances: Height / Length: + 1.0mm Width: + 1.0mm Thickness: + 1.0mm Out of Square: + 1.0mm Edge straightness: + 0.5mm Anchor hole location: + 1mm

33. Granite Flooring Installation Tolerance Variation in line : For a position shown in plan and continuous joint lines, do not exceed 3mm in 3m, 5mm in 6m or 6mm maximum. Variation in surface plane of flooring : Do not exceed 3mm in 3m, 5mm in 6mm maximum from level or slope indicated. Variation in joint width : Do not vary joint width more than 1.5mm or one fourth of the nominal joint width, whichever is less. Variation in plane between adjacent units (Lipping) : Do not exceed 0.8mm difference between panels of adjacent units.

34. Granite Flooring

35. Granite Flooring Protection of installed granites

36. Concrete Mix Design

37. Concrete mix design Raw material testing-Cement(IS 4031) Normal consistency Initial and Final Setting Time Fineness of cement Compression test of Mortar Cubes Soundness of Cement

38. Concrete mix design Raw material testing-Aggregates(IS 2386) 1)Sieve analysis 2)FI&EI 3)Impact test 4)Los angels abrasion test 5)Crushing value 6)10% fines value 7)Specific gravity 8)Water absorption

39. Concrete mix design Admixture and Fly ash 1)Admixture Acid test 2)Fly ash Fineness test

40. Concrete mix design Mix design-Calculation(IS 10262) Target strength =Fck+S.DX1.65t V=(W+C/ S c +TA /S TA )X1/1000 V= Absolute Volume of concrete W= Free water C= Cement S c = Specific gravity of cement TA=Total aggregate S TA =Specific gravity of total aggregate