Quadriceps Muscles-.origin, insertion, action and nerve supply of tha muscle

Quadriceps Muscles-.origin, insertion, action and nerve supply of tha muscle

1. Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Vastu s laterealis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius

2. Rectus femoris Origin Straight head – anterior inferior iliac spiNe Reflected head – ilium just above the acetabulum Insertion --- common Quadriceps tendon then the tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament Action--- extension of leg at knee joint and flexes thigh at hip joint nerve supply--- branches of femoral nerve

3. Vastus laterealis Origin -- Upper part inter trochanteric line Root of greater trochanter Lateral lip of linea aspera Insertion – common Quadriceps tendon then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament Action – extension of leg at knee joint nerve suply – branches of femoral nerve

4. Vastus medialis Origin– Lower part of intertrochanteric line of femur Spiral line Medial lip of linea aspera Upper part of the medial supracondyler line Insertion-- common Quadriceps tendon then tibial tuberosity via pattellar ligament Action-- extension of leg at the knee joint, stabilizes patella Nerve supply-- branches of femoral nerve

5. Vastus intermedius Origin-- anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral shaft Insertion-- common Quadriceps tendon into patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament Action-- extension of leg at knee joint Nerve suply – branches of femoral nerve

6. Clinical consideration Testing for Quadriceps Femoris --- a person line supine with one bare lower limb and Hip and knee joint s partially flexed. The right hand of physician presses the person’s right leg downwards. He is requested to straighten the knee against resistance of the physicians right hand , while his left hand feels the contracting Quadriceps Muscles above the knee .

7. Clinical consideration Patellar tendon reflex or knee jerk . The knee joint gets extended on tapping the ligamentum patellae. Intramuscukular injection can be given in anterolateral region of thigh in the Vastus laterealis muscle

8. Manual muscle testing ( Mmt ) of the Quadriceps muscle

9. Mmt Position of patients – grade 3 to 5 --- patient is in short sitting Therapist position--- standing at side of limb to be tested . The hand giving resistance is contoured over the anterior surface of the distal leg just above the ankle . For grade 5 and 4 , resistance is applied in a downward (towards the floor) in the direction of knee flexion . Test -- patient extends knee through available rom but not beyond “0” degree Instructions to patient--- “ straighten your knee , hold it , don’t let me bend it. ”

10. Mmt Grade 2 – Position of patients-- side lying with test limb uppermost . Lower most limb may be flexed for stability . Limb to be tested is held in about 90 degree of knee flexion . The hip should be in full extension . Postion of therapist– standing behind patient at knee level . Test limb around the thigh with the hand supporting the underside of the knee. The hand holds the leg just above the malleolus. Test-- patient extends knee through the available rom Instructions to patient – straighten your knee .

11. Mmt Grade 1 and grade 0 (zero) – Position of patient-- supine Position of therapist– standing next to limb to be tested at knee level. Hand used for palpation should be on the Quadriceps tendon just above the knee with the tendon. Test – patient attempts to extend knee . Instructions to patient– push the back of your knee down into the table or tighten your kneecap

12. Some common injuries of quadriceps femoris Contusion – which many people simply call a bruise, often develops from an impact to the thigh which compresses the quadricep muscles. Treatment – Treatment for this type of injury will typically involve rest, ice, compression, and elevation, or the RICE method. Strain – Also known as a pulled quad, this is another common and painful sports injury, particularly among athletes who perform sudden, forceful leg movements Treatment - treatment often involves the RICE method and anti-inflammatory medications. Tear – A quadricep tear describes when a tendon becomes either partially or completely severed. Tretment – Treatment may vary but can include rest, physical therapy, and surger y.

13. Continue Tendinopathy – it  refers to tendon injuries that often result in pain, swelling, and impaired function that typically occur from overuse. Two of the main types of tendinopathy are tendinitis and tendinosis . Tendinitis describes inflammation of a tendon, while tendinosis refers to the degeneration of a tendon. Treatment – RICE method can help aid recovery, a person may require injections or surgery to help treat tendinosis .

14. Quadriceps exercises To help strengthen and condition the quadriceps, people can perform Squads

15. Lunges

16. Leg press

17. Leg extension