QUARTER 2 - TLE MANAGement-of-Orchard.pptx

QUARTER 2 - TLE MANAGement-of-Orchard.pptx

1. Management of Orchard Week 3

2. 2 Types of Orchard Farm 1. Fruit Orchard - A farm where trees are planted for the purpose of fruit production. - Planted Trees: Seasonal fruit-trees like: Lanzones , Mango, Santol Marang, Avocado, Chico, Mangosteen, Rambutan, Guyabano , Jackfruit, Durian etc.

3. 3 Types of Orchard Farm 2. Nut Orchard - Planted in this farm are nut trees for massive production of nuts - Trees planted are: Coconut, Pili Nuts, Cashew Nuts etc.

4. 4 Types of Orchard Farm 3. Seed Orchard - An intensively- managed or maintained plantation of trees to produce genetically improved seeds resulting in mass production - Most popular seeds that are produced are coffee and cacao. Also, Woody plants that are needed to produce lumber & other wood by-products

5. 5

6. Proper Way of Planting or Propagating Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees

7. 7 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation A. Sexual Plant Propagation is a way of multiplying plant species by seeds through pollination and fertilization of the parents’ genetic materials. This involves the floral parts of the plant to create an offspring different from each parent plant. A.1 Two Methods of Sexual Plant Propagation Direct Planting is a method of planting where the seeds or parts of a plant are directly planted in the soil where it will germinate and grow. Indirect Planting is a method of planting where seeds are allowed to germinate in the seed box or tray before transplanting to its final location to grow.

8. 8 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B. Asexual Plant Propagation is the process of taking vegetative part of a desirable plant to produce new plants from these tissues. Asexual propagation permits cloning of plants of which the resulting plants are genetically identical to the parent plant. The major methods of asexual propagation are cutting, marcotting, grafting and budding.

9. 9 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B.1 Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees Cutting - Cutting propagation is growing a plant from a stem or root that has been cut from another plant. This the simplest way of multiplying plant species that are used in ornamental landscaping. Example of fruit-tree that can be planted by cutting is Siniguelas .

10. 10 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B.1 Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees b. Marcotting - An asexual method of propagating plants by rooting a part of the stem while still attached to the parent plant is called marcotting. Example: Rambutan, Lanzones , and Santol.

11. 11 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B.1 Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees c. Grafting - Grafting is the process of getting the bud or scion of one plant to be placed into or on a stem, a root, or a branch of another plant (rootstock) to form a union of two partner plants that will continue to grow. The part where the roots are found is the stock while the added portion is the scion. Example: Mango, Guava, Santol, Chico, Rambutan, Makopa , Durian and Lanzones .

12. 12 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B.1 Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees c. Grafting

13. 13 Two general methods of multiplying plant species / plant propagation B.1 Types of Asexual Plant Propagation of Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees d. Budding -Budding is the union of one bud and a small piece of bark from the scion with a rootstock. A method which a patch of bark with a bud is inserted into a similar dispatched root stock. Example: citrus family like Pomelo, Calamansi, and Dalandan

14. 14

15. 15 C. Caring of Fruit Tree Seedlings • Water the sown seeds thoroughly. It is important to keep the soil moist to speed up the germination process. • Grow the seedlings preferably in a propagating shed or a partially shaded area. • Apply fungicide to avoid infestation. This can be done once a week. Mix the fungicide with water in a proportion of two tablespoons to a gallon or as directed in the label of the bottle. • Remove the grass or weeds around the base and cultivate the soil around the base. The size of cultivation should match the tip of the branches of the tree.

16. 16 Different Layout Designs of Orchard

17. 17 Different Layout Designs of Orchard Planting fruit trees has five systems where trees are all planted in rows. Distances between rows and plants varies with the kind of system, type of fruit trees and their varieties, bigger canopy requires a wider distance between planted trees.

18. 18 Square System - Square system keeps the same distance between rows and plants in the same row where trees are planted in four corners. The advantages in this system are an easy farm operation to include harrowing, cultivating, plowing, spraying, harvesting. Since this system is the simplest way of planting trees, anyone can easily get a view of the whole orchard from one end to another. Thus, better supervision of the plantation using straight irrigation channels and paths can be done. However, this system comparatively has lesser number of tress being accommodated in given area and the distance between plant to plant and row to row remains the same as such, certain amount of space in the middle of four trees is wasted.

19. SQUARE SYSTEM 19

20. 20 2. Rectangular System - Trees in rectangular system are planted similarly with square system aside from distance between rows are more than the distance between plants in the same row. Four adjacent trees comprise the rectangular system design and irrigation channel will have the advantage of length and breadth while having a better supervision and intercultural operations as easily as possible. On the other hand, a large area of the orchard is consumed by using this system with smaller number of trees that are planted. Such, intercropping should be practiced, maximizing any harvest that can be produced from the available area for planting.

21. RECTANGULAR SYSTEM 21

22. 22

23. Quincunx or Diagonal SYSTEM 23

24. 24

25. HEXAGONAL SYSTEM 25

26. 26

27. CONTOUR SYSTEM 27

28. 28 Procedure in Preparing for Layout Design of Orchard For the layout procedures for different system, a few common steps can be identified. Prepare all the materials needed. Measure the land. Decide the types of trees to be planted. Follow the planting distance and the system of planting. Prepare a plan on the paper marking all details.

29. 29 DRAW YOUR OWN ORCHARD FARM REFER TO THE DIFFERENT LAYOUT THAT WE HAVE DISCUSS.

30. 30