Quaternary Geomorphology [ On Prospect of Bangladesh ]

Course Presentation for BSc level Study on Quaternary Geomorphology

1. Presentation On Quaternary Geomorphology [ On Prospect of Bangladesh ] BD Wednesday, February 26, 2025 1 By__ SAIDA ISLAM SEJUTI Roll- 18103432 Reg. no- 6829 1 st Year, 2 nd Semester Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Barind Tract Madhupur Tract Lalmai Hills

2. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 2 Presentation Outline- What is Quaternary Geomorphology? Time Range & Classifications Pleistocene Uplands Study Maps Location, formation, soil type, elevation range etc Holocene Sediments Ganges- Bramhaputra deltic state, Costal-Sea level change

3. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 3 Do we know what QUATERNARY GEOMORPHOLOGY is ???

4. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 4 Quaternary Geomorphology: Geomorphology is the study of landforms (and sediments) and the processes involved in their formation. Quaternary is a geological period. Consequently quaternary geomorphology is the study of landforms "build" during quaternary period.

5. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 5 Pleistocene Uplands

6. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 6 A bench-like structure bordering an undersea feature. Formed by the flood of snow-melt water or glacier. Slightly elevated form the adjacent active floodplains. The sediments of these terraces are deeply weathered and strongly oxidized. As per Bangladesh’s prospect— Pleistocene uplands, comprising the Barind Tract, the Madupur Tract and the Lalmai Hills. Cover an area of about 10% of Bangladesh. An average elevation is more than 15 m above MSL. Barind Tract Madhupur Lalmai

7. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 7 Barind Tract LOCATION: Mid and lower western part of Rajshahi division between the Ganges and Brahmaputra. AREA: Almost 7680 sq km in the Rajshahi division. FORMATION: product of Vertical movement of Pleistocene period. SOIL: Reddish or Yellowish Brown &partly mottled clay ELEVATION RANGE: Almost 20 m above modern floodplain. BARIND TRACT W N

8. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 8 Madhupur Tract LOCATION: Is in the central part of BD or between old Bramhaputra & Jamuna . AREA: Is 4058 sq km of Dhaka, Mymensingh & Tangail . SOIL: Red coloured & of partly mottled clays. ELEVATION RANGE: Almost 17 m from sea level. N Madhupur Tract

9. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 9 Lalmai Hills N E Lal mai Hills LOCATION: In Comilla district. AREA: Covers 33 sq km area. And the low hill range of about 16 km long & 2-3 km wide. SOIL: Consists of Reddish Brown Clay. ELEVATION RANGE: Average height 12 m but the maximum is upto 47 m. Early Stage Middle Stage Late Stage Dhupi Tila Formation

10. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 10 Holocene Sediments Holocene Sediments Pleistocene Sediments Holocene Sediments deposits directly on the Pleistocene sediments. Particles are mainly-sand, silt, shale etc Deposition particles are of GRAY colored. Holocene Sedimentations of BD are discussed under— Ganges- Bramhaputra deltic change. & Costal or Sea level change.

11. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 11 Ganges- Bramhaputra Deltic Change South-Southwestern part 5 Holo . Facies assemblages documented in 5 different environments. Holo . Sediments ranges from 30-70 m in deltic plain Low rate sedimentation occurred in northern part. 4-6 m thick sediments deposited in northern part since the mid –Holocene While— 10-30 m thick sediments deposited in southern part.

12. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 12 Costal-Sea level Change Increasing for huge amount of sand or silt particies carried from upper part of BD. Since the early to Mid Holocene ,the average sea-level rise is 1.07 my/yr. The process is pushed by the Deltic position, aquatic current, climate , temperature etc and the sea level raises forming peat layers continuously.

13. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 13 NOW; Do you have any Questions, Friends ???

14. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 14 If Not ; Than Ans. one of mine--- What are the main Differences between Pleistocene Uplands & Holocene Sediments ?!?

15. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 15 The Main points are— Time Formation Soil Color Oxidation Particles Think more………

16. Wednesday, February 26, 2025 16 ““ THANK YOU ””