RADAR SYSTEM USING ARDUINO AND ULTRASONIC .pptx

creation of a low-cost radar system utilizing an Arduino Uno, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, and buzzer. Its aim is to detect objects within a set range through ultrasonic measurement and servo-controlled scanning

1. (An Autonomous Institute affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) (NBA and NAAC accredited, ISO 9001:2015 certified) BRACT’S, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune-48

2. 2 RADAR SYSTEM USING ARDUINO AND ULTRASONIC

3. ABSTRACT 3 The abstract summarizes the creation of a low-cost radar system utilizing an Arduino Uno, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, and buzzer. Its aim is to detect objects within a set range through ultrasonic measurement and servo-controlled scanning. This project's simplicity, affordability, and versatility make it a valuable learning tool with applications in robotics, security, and environmental monitoring. The system was validated to effectively detect objects and can be expanded with advanced sensors and data logging capabilities for future enhancements.

4. COMPONENTS REQUIRED 4 Arduino Uno Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04) Servo Motor (SG90) Buzzer Jumper wires Breadboard

5. Arduino UNO The Arduino Uno is micro – controller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins ( of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. T contains everything needed to support the micro-controller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

6. 6 SPECIFICATION

7. ULTRASONIC SENSOR (HC-SR04) 7 This is the HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor. This economical sensor provides 2cm to 400cm of non-contact measurement functionality with a ranging accuracy that can reach up to 3mm. Each HC-SR04 module includes an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver and a control circuit. There are only four pins that you need to worry about on the HC-SR04: VCC (Power), Trig (Trigger), Echo (Receive), and GND ( Ground).

8. SERVO MOTOR (SG90) 8 Operating Voltage is +5V typically Torque: 2.5kg/cm Operating speed is 0.1s/60° Gear Type: Plastic Rotation : 0°-180° Weight of motor : 9gm

9. OTHER COMPONENTS 9 2 PIN BUZZER JUMPER WIRES BREAD BOARD

10. Circuit Explanation 10

11. SOFTWARE USED 11

12. WORKING EXPLANATION 12 The Arduino controls the servo motor's motion, moving it in a sweeping motion to cover a range of angles. Simultaneously, it uses the ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance at each servo position. If an object is detected within 20 cm of the ultrasonic sensor's range, the buzzer is activated. The code continuously loops through these actions, creating a "radar-like" system that sweeps, measures distance, and activates the buzzer as per the specified conditions. Adjustments can be made to the code or hardware to suit specific application needs.

13. ADVANTAGES 13 Can see through the medium consisting of fog, snow, rain, darkness, clouds etc. Can penetrate and see through insulators. Can distinguish fixed as well as moving target types. Can help find out following parameters of object or target: - Range - Angular Position - Location of Target - Velocity of Target

14. LIMITATIONS 14 Can not distinguish and resolve multiple targets which are very close like our eye. Can not recognize colour of the targets. Can not see targets which are in the water and are too deep. Can not see targets which are placed behind some conducting sheets. Also, difficult to recognize short range target types.

15. RESULT 15 NO OBEJCT DETECTED OBJECT DETECTED

16. PROTOTYPE IMAGES 16

17. CONCLUSION 17 The combination of a servo, ultrasonic sensor, and buzzer creates a robust system capable of detecting, measuring, and responding to nearby objects. Its adaptability, ease of integration, and educational value make it a valuable tool for various projects, while offering a solid foundation for further development and innovation in robotics, sensing, and automation domains.