Radiography Anatomy of Skull

Radiography Anatomy of skull bones with related pictures for better understanding of the human skull. .

1. Radiography Anatomy of Skull DEEPAK NEGI MRIT TPS2016004

2. SKULL

3. SKULL

4. Bones of Skull Frontal view Frontal view

5. A-Frontal bone B-Parietal and Temporal bone C-Occipital bone

6. TEMPORAL BONE

7. PARIETAL BONE

8. Occipital bone

9. Ethmoid bone

10. Sphenoid bone

11. Sella turcica

12. Foramen Magnum

13. SUTURE

14. FACE

15. Maxilla

16. Zygomatic bone

17. Lacrimal bone

18. Nasal bone

19. Mandible bone

20. Tempomandibular joint

21. Nasal conchae

22. Palantine bone

23. Ear Ossicles

24. Sinus The  sinuses  are small air pockets. The  sinuses  produce mucus, which is a thin and flowing liquid that protects the body by trapping and moving germs away. Sinuses becomes filled with fluid due to pathologies like blood in case of trauma or chronic infection , resulting in increased radio-opacity and decrease in radiography. 4 sinuses in skull

25. PARA NASAL SINUS 1. Maxillary (2) 2. Frontal (2) 3. Ethmoid 4. Sphenoid (1 or 2)

26. Image of face bones and sinus

27. Landmarks of Skull

28. Positioning terminology

29. Lateral view

30. Radiography Anatomy

31. Patient Preparation Inform the patient about the examination and ask the patient to restrict all the movements. Remove all the metallic objects from the skull region . Ask female patients to remove hair clips , bands and other stuff from skull before examination. Take details of dental filling so that it is not misunderstood as artifact or any pathology. Use foam pads in case of children or trauma cases.

32. Clinical Indication of Cranium Factures Neoplasm Paget’s Disease Pituitary Adenomas Mastoidits Sinusitis Multiple Myeloma Sclerosis Acoustic neuroma polyps

33. Facial bone facture

34. X-ray Image

35. The zygomatic arch fracture is easily seen on the OM30 ( Occipito -Mental 30°) image

36. 1 - Orbital floor fracture 2 - Fracture of the lateral wall of the maxillary antrum 3 - Zygomatic arch fracture 4 - Widening of the zygomatico -frontal suture Tripod Facture

37. Blowout Facture Blowout fractures are caused by increased pressure in the orbit - the orbit gives way at its weakest point, which is the orbital floor The air/fluid level in the maxillary antrum is due to the presence of blood

38. Mandible Facture

39. Skull Radiography Parameters Position :- Erect , Supine , Lateral . Factors:- Kvp – 70-80 , mAs - 20-30. Use of Grids , to enhance the images quality. Use of foam pads to support the patient. Collimation as per the requirement . SID = 40inch

40. Skull Radiography Skull AP View:-

41. Skull Lateral View

42. Caldwell method

43. PA view

44. SMV

45. SMV ( Submentovertical Projection)

46. Face Radiography Lateral view

47. Water’s view

48. PA Axial Caldwell method

49. Lateral View for Nasal bones

50. Mastoid view

51. Reference Ken hub .com for anatomy. Bontrager’s Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy by Joh . Clark s Positioning in Radiography, 13e (2016). Pinterest for images .