Rain water harvesting in india

Rain water harvesting is a technique of collection and storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface runoff). One method of rainwater harvesting is rooftop harvesting

1. Presented by Salmaan Ansari Mahtab Alam Ali Abbas Rizvi Rain Water Harvesting in India : Case Studies

2. What is Rain Water Harvesting? Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a simple method by which rainfall is collected for future usage. The collected rainwater may be stored, utilised in different ways or directly used for recharge purposes.  With depleting groundwater levels and fluctuating climate conditions, RWH can go a long way to help mitigate these effects.

3. Why Rain Water harvesting? To overcome the inadequacy of surface water to meet our demands. Variations in water availability Responsibilities towards protecting Nature Quality of water supplies To arrest decline in ground water levels. To enhance availability of ground water at specific place and time and utilize rain water for sustainable development. To increase infiltration of rain water in the subsoil this has decreased drastically in urban areas due to paving of open area. To increase agriculture production.

4. Advantage of Rain Water Harvesting Provide self-sufficiency to water supply. Reduces the cost for pumping of ground water. Provides the high quality water, soft and low in minerals. Improves the quality of ground water through dilution when recharged. Reduce soil erosion & flooding in urban areas. The roof top water harvesting is less expensive & easy to construct, optimum and maintain. In desert , RWH only reliefs. No land is wasted for storage purpose and no population displacement is involved. Ground water is not directly exposed to evaporation and pollution. Effects rise in ground water levels. Mitigates effects of drought.

5. Methods of Rainwater Harvesting Broadly there are two ways of harvesting rainwater- 1 - Surface runoff harvesting- In urban area rainwater flows away as surface runoff. This runoff could be caught and used for recharging aquifers by adopting appropriate methods.

6. Methods of Rainwater Harvesting 2 - Roof top rainwater harvesting- It is a system of catching rainwater where it falls. In rooftop harvesting, the roof becomes the catchments, and the rainwater is collected from the roof of the house/building It can either be stored in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system. This method is less expensive and very effective and if implemented properly helps in augmenting the groundwater level of the area.

7. Various methods of Rain Water Harvesting: Recharging of bore holes Recharging through wells Recharging through pits Recharging through trenches Recharging through shafts Recharging making percolation tanks

8. CASE STUDY: TAMIL NADU’S SUCCESS

9. CASE STUDY: TAMIL NADU’S SUCCESS While the rest of the country is busy devising methods to conserve water for the forthcoming months, Tamil Nadu seems to have a head start with its successful rain water harvesting scheme.

10. CASE STUDY: TAMIL NADU’S SUCCESS In 2016, Tamil Nadu witnessed the worst drought in the last 140 years. “This was unheard of in the history of Tamil Nadu,” says Korlapati Satyagopal , Commissioner of Revenue Administration, Tamil Nadu. The drought triggered a series of measures to prevent such a crisis.

11. CASE STUDY: TAMIL NADU’S SUCCESS Satyagopal’s role was to restore the water bodies. Last year, district collectors were directed to analyse historical data to identify blocks and villages that face drinking water crisis in the event of rainfall deficit. Water bodies and supply channels were cleaned. Small check dams were set up to store water near streams and borewells with drinking water. Defunct borewells were converted into water recharging ones through rainwater harvesting.

12. CASE STUDY: TAMIL NADU’S SUCCESS Tamil Nadu has been a trendsetter in rain water harvesting, making it mandatory for all buildings as far back as 2003. Today, according to the State government website, out of the 23.92 lakh buildings in town Panchayats (government, residential, commercial and industrial), 22.94 lakh have rainwater harvesting facilities.

13. Marakkanam Town Panchayat (Villupuram District)

14. Mamallapuram (Kancheepuram District)

15. Office Building @ Arachalur (Erode District)

16. How? Vigorous IEC campaign would also be adopted to bring awareness among the public Conduction of awareness programme  with the  coordination of Self Help Groups, Welfare Associations,  NGO s and school children. Erection of  hoardings displaying  the importance  and benefits of the Rain Water Harvesting. Door to Door campaign on  Rain water Harvesting  with  the participation of  SHGs, NGOs. Action Plan for IEC Activities:

17. Action plan for harvesting campus rain water: Provision of rain water harvesting structures would also been monitored under Section 215 A of the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act, while giving plan approval.    Rain Water Harvesting Structures have already been  provided  in respect of buildings, belongs  to Town Panchayats Department.  Necessary action taken to provide adequate Rain Water Harvesting structures belongs to other Government department.  Now, in order to  make use of the forthcoming North East monsoon, the Executive Officers of Town Panchayats   have been instructed to take necessary action  to rejuvenate existing Rain Water Harvesting structures. How?

18. Thank you