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© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and
Operating Systems
Experiments and Conclusions from
Researching Agent Orchestration
Igor Ševo, Ph.D. | Head of Technology, Artificial Intelligence
HTEC Proprietary
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and
Operating Systems
Experiments and Conclusions from
Researching Agent Orchestration
Igor Ševo, Ph.D. | Head of Technology, Artificial Intelligence
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
2
Intelligence as an Integrative Process
People and technology facilitate communication between people and technology
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
HTEC Proprietary
2
Intelligence as an Integrative Process
People and technology facilitate communication between people and technology
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
3
Proactive Agents vs. Chatbots
AI AI
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
HTEC Proprietary
3
Proactive Agents vs. Chatbots
AI AI
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
4
Cognition and User-Interface Negotiation
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
OK?
HTEC Proprietary
4
Cognition and User-Interface Negotiation
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
OK?
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
5
Cognition and User-Interface Negotiation
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Hello?
protocol
format
{ }{ }
[ ]
{ }{ }
[ ]
format
% %\\ //
1._____ ____ _____ ______
2._____ ____ _____ ______
3._____ ____ _____ ______
4._____ ____ _____ ______
5._____ ____ _____ ______
6._____ ____ _____ ______
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_____ ____ _____ ______
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0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
______ ______
A
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HTEC Proprietary
5
Cognition and User-Interface Negotiation
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Hello?
protocol
format
{ }{ }
[ ]
{ }{ }
[ ]
format
% %\\ //
1._____ ____ _____ ______
2._____ ____ _____ ______
3._____ ____ _____ ______
4._____ ____ _____ ______
5._____ ____ _____ ______
6._____ ____ _____ ______
7._____ ____ _____ ______
8._____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
_____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
0. _____ ____ _____ ______
______ ______
A
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© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
6
Major models tuned for turn-based conversation
User identification requires additional tokens
Fine-tune for specific message types
Header implied by the message type
Smaller models confuse users
Fine-Tuning for Agent Identification
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
SYSTEM
-----------
-----------
-----------
user 1
user 2
-----------
-----------
USER
user 1
-----------
-----------
USER
user 2
-----------
-----------
USER
user 1
-----------
-----------
SYSTEM
-----------
-----------
-----------
USER 1
-----------
-----------
USER 2
-----------
-----------
USER 1
-----------
-----------
HTEC Proprietary
6
Major models tuned for turn-based conversation
User identification requires additional tokens
Fine-tune for specific message types
Header implied by the message type
Smaller models confuse users
Fine-Tuning for Agent Identification
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
SYSTEM
-----------
-----------
-----------
user 1
user 2
-----------
-----------
USER
user 1
-----------
-----------
USER
user 2
-----------
-----------
USER
user 1
-----------
-----------
SYSTEM
-----------
-----------
-----------
USER 1
-----------
-----------
USER 2
-----------
-----------
USER 1
-----------
-----------
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
7
XML is more general than conversation
Conversation can be simulated through XML
Agents share the context window
Fine-Tuning for XML
<system>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</system>
<user id=”---” >
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
<user id=”---” >
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
HTEC Proprietary
7
XML is more general than conversation
Conversation can be simulated through XML
Agents share the context window
Fine-Tuning for XML
<system>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</system>
<user id=”---” >
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
<user id=”---” >
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
8
Context window is polymorphic
Semantic elements and interface elements
XML elements can be easily transformed into HTML
UI is inferred from the context
Message-exchange is only a type of UI
Transforming XML to HTML
<data>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</data>
<conversation>
-----------
-----------
-----------
<system>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</system>
<user>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
</conversation>
<head>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</head>
<body>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</body>
XML
HTML
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
HTEC Proprietary
8
Context window is polymorphic
Semantic elements and interface elements
XML elements can be easily transformed into HTML
UI is inferred from the context
Message-exchange is only a type of UI
Transforming XML to HTML
<data>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</data>
<conversation>
-----------
-----------
-----------
<system>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</system>
<user>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</user>
</conversation>
<head>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</head>
<body>
-----------
-----------
-----------
</body>
XML
HTML
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
9
XML data elements
XML Attributes: source and target
Communication Through XML
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Data
A5
view
Data
Data
A12
view
SHARED PROTOTYPE
t = 12
t = 12s = 5
HTEC Proprietary
9
XML data elements
XML Attributes: source and target
Communication Through XML
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Data
A5
view
Data
Data
A12
view
SHARED PROTOTYPE
t = 12
t = 12s = 5
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
10
Global Prototype Memory
Agents share the workspace through Views
Agents in the system generalize: Users and AI Agents
Shared Context Views
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
GLOBAL PROTOTYPE
MEMORY
VIEW
<data ---- />
HTEC Proprietary
10
Global Prototype Memory
Agents share the workspace through Views
Agents in the system generalize: Users and AI Agents
Shared Context Views
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
GLOBAL PROTOTYPE
MEMORY
VIEW
<data ---- />
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
11
Global Prototype Memory
Agents share the workspace through Views
Agents in the system generalize: Users and AI Agents
Shared Context Views
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
5
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
HTEC Proprietary
11
Global Prototype Memory
Agents share the workspace through Views
Agents in the system generalize: Users and AI Agents
Shared Context Views
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
5
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
12
Context-dependent underlying interpreter
Agentic Program Prototypes
Code + Prompts
Code and prompts encapsulated through XML
Provides element attributes: id, timestamp, etc.
Agentic Runtime
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Data
Code
Instruction
Definition
LLM
Deterministic
interpreter
AGENTIC RUNTIME
AGENTIC
PROGRAM
PROTOTYPE
HTEC Proprietary
12
Context-dependent underlying interpreter
Agentic Program Prototypes
Code + Prompts
Code and prompts encapsulated through XML
Provides element attributes: id, timestamp, etc.
Agentic Runtime
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Data
Code
Instruction
Definition
LLM
Deterministic
interpreter
AGENTIC RUNTIME
AGENTIC
PROGRAM
PROTOTYPE
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
13
Instruction elements interpreted by LLMs
Code elements interpreted by Deterministic Runtime
Context-switching managed by Agentic Runtime
Data elements rendered through adapters
Context memory for LLMs
Object state for Deterministic Runtime
Human as an Agent
Interpreter Context Switching
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
InstructionEng. A
-------------------------------------
------------------------------- B
( )
-------------------------------------
Code C# B
--------------------
------------- C ( )
-------------
--------------------
InstructionItal. C
-------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
---- B ( ) ------------------- D ( )
Code JS D
--------------------
-------------
-------------
--------------------
Context memory
A C C A
LLM
Object state
B B DB
Interpreter
A A ALLM
B
C D
Deterministic
Runtime
INTERFACE
1
INTERFACE
2
Office Teams
HTEC Proprietary
13
Instruction elements interpreted by LLMs
Code elements interpreted by Deterministic Runtime
Context-switching managed by Agentic Runtime
Data elements rendered through adapters
Context memory for LLMs
Object state for Deterministic Runtime
Human as an Agent
Interpreter Context Switching
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
InstructionEng. A
-------------------------------------
------------------------------- B
( )
-------------------------------------
Code C# B
--------------------
------------- C ( )
-------------
--------------------
InstructionItal. C
-------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
---- B ( ) ------------------- D ( )
Code JS D
--------------------
-------------
-------------
--------------------
Context memory
A C C A
LLM
Object state
B B DB
Interpreter
A A ALLM
B
C D
Deterministic
Runtime
INTERFACE
1
INTERFACE
2
Office Teams
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
14
Agentic Runtime monitors agent execution
Parser matches outputs and routes to Executor
Code is executed when correct outputs are matched
Thinking encapsulated by process elements
Model Output Execution
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
<code execute = “true” ---->
-----------
-----------
-----------
</co
Code
DOM
PARSER
EXECUTOR
d
e
>
read
modify
SHARED PROTOTYPE
Process
data - 1
data - 2
data - 3
data - 4
data - 4
HTEC Proprietary
14
Agentic Runtime monitors agent execution
Parser matches outputs and routes to Executor
Code is executed when correct outputs are matched
Thinking encapsulated by process elements
Model Output Execution
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
<code execute = “true” ---->
-----------
-----------
-----------
</co
Code
DOM
PARSER
EXECUTOR
d
e
>
read
modify
SHARED PROTOTYPE
Process
data - 1
data - 2
data - 3
data - 4
data - 4
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
15
Multimodal information is processed by adapters
XML Attributes: data-type and data-adapter
Agentic Runtime invokes the correct data
transformation
Adds fields to JSON on LLM calls
References files in HTML rendering
Agent-Specific Adapters
docx
PDF
audio
xlsx
ADAPTER TABLE
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
HTEC Proprietary
15
Multimodal information is processed by adapters
XML Attributes: data-type and data-adapter
Agentic Runtime invokes the correct data
transformation
Adds fields to JSON on LLM calls
References files in HTML rendering
Agent-Specific Adapters
docx
audio
xlsx
ADAPTER TABLE
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
16
Adapters are pieces of UI
Frontend development is performed through Adapters
Adapters provide UI elements
Agentic Runtime invokes adapters to render
content of the View to appropriate Agents
Future frontend development is performed ad hoc by
the Agentic Runtime
User-Applications vs. Adapters
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
INTERFACE 1 INTERFACE 2
AGENTIC PROTOTYPES
AGENTIC RUNTIME
IDE Office Comms
HTEC Proprietary
16
Adapters are pieces of UI
Frontend development is performed through Adapters
Adapters provide UI elements
Agentic Runtime invokes adapters to render
content of the View to appropriate Agents
Future frontend development is performed ad hoc by
the Agentic Runtime
User-Applications vs. Adapters
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
INTERFACE 1 INTERFACE 2
AGENTIC PROTOTYPES
AGENTIC RUNTIME
IDE Office Comms
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
17
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
code data Instruction
definition
code
definition
instruction
code
code
_______________
_______________
_______________
instruction
code
data
code
definition
definition
HTEC Proprietary
17
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
code data Instruction
definition
code
definition
instruction
code
code
_______________
_______________
_______________
instruction
code
data
code
definition
definition
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
18
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Programs and processes are no longer distinguished
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
data
definition
instruction
process
data
definition
instruction
process
data
PROTOTYPE
PROCESS PROTOTYPE
HTEC Proprietary
18
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Programs and processes are no longer distinguished
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
data
definition
instruction
process
data
definition
instruction
process
data
PROTOTYPE
PROCESS PROTOTYPE
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
19
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Programs and processes are no longer distinguished
A “process” (task) runs over multiple programs at the
time
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
code
definition
instruction
code
definition
instruction
code
v 1.2
v 1.3
HTEC Proprietary
19
Fourfold polymorphism
A piece of source code is an Agentic Program
Prototype
A prompt is an Agentic Program Prototype
Data is an Agentic Program Prototype
A user-interface is an Agentic Program Prototype
Programs and processes are no longer distinguished
A “process” (task) runs over multiple programs at the
time
Agentic Program Prototypes
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
code
definition
instruction
code
definition
instruction
code
v 1.2
v 1.3
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
20
Agents are defined by definition elements
Legal documents for users
System instructions for LLMs
Execution parameters for Deterministic
Programs
Tasks are defined by task elements
Tasks are temporary definition extensions
Task Execution
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
data
_____________
_____________
_____________
task
data
code
task
instruction
code
_____________
_____________
_____________
task
code
TASK
AGENTIC RUNTIME
HTEC Proprietary
20
Agents are defined by definition elements
Legal documents for users
System instructions for LLMs
Execution parameters for Deterministic
Programs
Tasks are defined by task elements
Tasks are temporary definition extensions
Task Execution
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
definition
instruction
data
_____________
_____________
_____________
task
data
code
task
instruction
code
_____________
_____________
_____________
task
code
TASK
AGENTIC RUNTIME
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
21
Task runs, not agents, are rewarded
Issuing agents are given choices
Agentic Runtime selects the best performing variation
Rewarding and A/B Testing
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
A a
B b
Issue
task
Reward
complete
AB
HTEC Proprietary
21
Task runs, not agents, are rewarded
Issuing agents are given choices
Agentic Runtime selects the best performing variation
Rewarding and A/B Testing
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
A a
B b
Issue
task
Reward
complete
AB
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
22
Task variations may substitute human and AI agents
Operating systems now orchestrate generalized agents
The company becomes the operating system
Intelligent Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
A
B
HTEC Proprietary
22
Task variations may substitute human and AI agents
Operating systems now orchestrate generalized agents
The company becomes the operating system
Intelligent Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
A
B
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
23
Task variations may substitute human and AI agents
Operating systems now orchestrate generalized agents
The company becomes the operating system
Agentic Runtime itself is written in Agentic Program
Prototypes
The company intelligence evolves itself as a hybrid
intelligent system
Intelligent Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
AGENTIC RUNTIME
HTEC Proprietary
23
Task variations may substitute human and AI agents
Operating systems now orchestrate generalized agents
The company becomes the operating system
Agentic Runtime itself is written in Agentic Program
Prototypes
The company intelligence evolves itself as a hybrid
intelligent system
Intelligent Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
AGENTIC RUNTIME
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
24
Integrating Into Hybrid Intelligence
The more coupled the system, the more singular the intelligence
New Directions for Cognitive Science
Human Agent
Human Agent
Human Agent
Human Agent
External Digital System
Integrated Digital
System
HTEC Proprietary
24
Integrating Into Hybrid Intelligence
The more coupled the system, the more singular the intelligence
New Directions for Cognitive Science
Human Agent
Human Agent
Human Agent
Human Agent
External Digital System
Integrated Digital
System
© HTEC, 2024
HTEC Proprietary
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating
Systems
Q&A
Igor Ševo, Ph.D.
Head of Technology, Artificial Intelligence
HTEC Proprietary
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating Systems
Intelligent Interfaces and Operating
Systems
Q&A
Igor Ševo, Ph.D.
Head of Technology, Artificial Intelligence
Categories
TechnologyDownload
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