Real Life Application of Digital Electronics

The fundamentals and implementation of digital electronics are essential to understanding the design and working of consumer/industrial electronics, communications, computers, security and military equipment. Digital electronics includes many applications in real life. Here are three different and most important application of Digital Electronics.

1. Welcome to the Presentation

2. Presented by 1.Md. Zahid Reza ID:2015-2-50-007 2. Nusrat Jahan Dolamoni ID:2015-2-50-019 3.Imran Ahmed ID:2015-2-50-018 4.Taslima Yasmin Tarin ID:2015-2-50-022

3. Presentation Topic: Real Life Application of Digital Electronics

4. Introduction: The fundamentals and implementation of digital electronics are essential to understanding the design and working of consumer/industrial electronics, communications, computers, security and military equipment. Digital electronics includes many applications in real life. Here are three different and most important application of Digital Electronics.

5. Simple combination lock This is a simple but effective code lock circuit that has an automatic reset facility. Using XOR gates as bit comparators B uild simple gate functions with diodes and a pull up/down resistor Using NOR gates as controlled inverters

6. How Does It Work? First we need a circuit to decode the 10 possible inputs (0-9) to its 4 output BCD (Binary Coded Decimal), and another output that tells us when any button is pressed.  Then we need to build the circuit for our two 7-segments displays to work properly, with 4 inputs for a BCD number and of course 7 outs for our displays ( with IC 74LS47) Then a circuit to save each pressed number and toggle between displays

7. As well as an internal memory for our password And, the hearth of our lock, the comparator (its 8 bits ´cause there are 4 bits per digit in the display, meaning that if you want to do a 4 digit lock you will need two of this connected together.) This will tell us if the numbers in the displays are the same as the password saved in the internal memories or not. And finally a circuit to keep the OPEN or CLOSE signal for an undetermined time, and of course an output (that is whatever you want to control with your lock)

8. Advantages: Combination locks can not be picked (as long as there is no key backup), and the user does not have to carry a key. There is little chance of getting locked out as long as the user is good at remembering the combination.

9. Disadvantages In an electronic combination lock, the batteries can die, preventing the lock from opening until the batteries are replaced. With most combination locks, it is possible for a thief to obtain the combination by watching a legitimate user entering it. On an electronic combination lock, a thief can sometimes guess the combination based on the amount of wear on the buttons.

10. A Digital Stopwatch A digital stopwatch circuit can be worked as a clock in this counter will advance after every one second.

11. Components Used To Make The Digital Stopwatch Circuit ICs that are used are: CD4060BM-14 stage ripple carry binary counter-1 CD4040BM-12 stage ripple carry binary counter-1 NE-555-Timer 1 MC14158B- BCD counter-1 MC14511B-BCD to seven segment display driver-2

12. Circuit Description Pulse Generator (Produced pulse of the desired frequency) Counter (Do the counting part of the seconds & display units.)

13. Working of Digital Stopwatch Circuit: The circuit operation begins once open switch is changed to closed position . The timer 555 IC produces the clock pulses of required time period. This clock signal is fed to the two stage arrangement of BCD counters CD14510. The IC CD4510 consists of 4 synchronously D- Flip-flops, connected together for the counting operation. The clock pulses are counted by the two stage synchronous arrangement of two CD4510 counters.  As IC U3 receives the clock pulses, it starts counting from 0 to 9. Once the count reaches 9, the AND gate IC U4A produces a high logic output, which is fed to the pin of IC U2. IC U2 starts the count operation.

14. Working of Digital Stopwatch Circuit: The IC U2 continues its counting operation and so does the IC U3 every time U3 reaches its end count.

15. Application Of the Circuit : The flip-flop in the counter MC14518 count increments by 1 when we give a single pulse on it . So by replace 1Hz pulse generator circuit with a photo sensor , the circuit can be used as “photo counter”. The circuit can be used as a “person counter”,with the help of two IR sensors. The circuit can also be used as “countdown timer” or “ alarm clock”.

16. Digital Stopwatch Limitations: The circuit does not display the actual time, but rather the count of clock pulses. The use of digital counter ICs produces a time delay in the whole operation, because of the propagation delay. This is a theoretical circuit and may require changes.

17. Smart card contains an integrated circuit chip microprocessor with memory exchange store the data and manipulate data

18. How does the Smart Card Works? connected to the host computer card reader gets information passes the information to the host computer

19. Construct a Smart Card designing chip fabrication loading the code  data loading 

20. Advantages of Smart Card: Might be promptly reconfigured Reusable Secure transactions Gives more security More tough and dependable Permit numerous provisions to be saved in one card

21. Areas of Smart Card Applications Telecommunications Domestic Ecommerce and Retail Banking Application Government Applications Secured Physical access

22. Conclusion Devices used in applications such as these are constantly decreasing in size and employing more complex technology. It is therefore essential for engineers and students to understand the fundamentals, implementation and application principles of digital electronics, devices and integrated circuits. This is so that they can use the most appropriate and effective technique to suit their technical need.