Recycled Modular Low Cost Construction .pdf

Creating low-cost housing involves several considerations and strategies to minimize construction expenses while ensuring safety, functionality, and durability

1. Low Cost Construction

2. Recycled Kiln Dried Pinewood
Scrap Aluminum Beverage Cans for Roofing
MS Powder Coated Brackets
Mud Brickwork/Cement Board/Ferro Cement
Precast Concrete Foundation
RAW MATERIALS USED

3. TINY HOME COMMUNITIES

4. Project done by us
in Whitefield using
low cost and
recycled materials

5. Another view
by day

6. Interior
shot

7. Exterior
view

9. Exterior view
( Pickett Fence)

10. Design Consideration
Creating low-cost housing involves several considerations and strategies
to minimize construction expenses while ensuring safety, functionality,
and durability. Here's a concise guide outlining key steps and factors for
low-cost housing:
1. Site Selection and Planning:
•Choose Affordable Locations: Select sites with access to infrastructure
(water, electricity) and transportation, ideally in areas with lower land
costs.
Optimize Design for Efficiency: Plan compact layouts that minimize land
use while maximizing living space efficiency.
2. Simplified Design and Construction:
•Use Standardized Designs: Adopt simple, standardized house designs to
reduce architectural and engineering costs.

11. Design Consideration
•Focus on Essential Features: Prioritize essential features and avoid
unnecessary complexity in design.
•3. Cost-Effective Materials and Construction Techniques:
•Alternative Building Materials: Consider using locally sourced or
recycled materials (e.g., compressed earth blocks, bamboo) to reduce
material costs.
•Prefabrication: Explore prefabricated construction techniques to
minimize labor and construction time.
•4. Energy Efficiency and Sustainability:
•Passive Design Strategies: Incorporate passive solar design principles
to reduce heating and cooling costs.
•Energy-Efficient Fixtures: Install energy-efficient lighting and
appliances to minimize ongoing operational costs.

12. 5. Long-Term Maintenance and Affordability:
•Durable Construction: Prioritize durable materials and construction
practices to minimize maintenance and repair costs over time.
•Affordability Over Time: Consider overall affordability, including ongoing
operational costs (utilities, maintenance), when designing low-cost
housing solutions.
Design Consideration

13. Example Strategies
•Microhousing: Develop small, efficient housing units tailored to
specific needs, such as single-room or studio apartments.
•Incremental Housing: Implement incremental building approaches,
allowing residents to expand their homes gradually over time.
•Adaptive Reuse: Repurpose existing structures or materials for
housing, reducing demolition and construction costs

14. Scrap Pinewood Packing Cases (Kiln Dried)
For Construction
Advantages of Using Reclaimed Wood:
•Environmental Sustainability: Reclaimed wood reduces demand for new
timber, conserving forests and lowering carbon emissions.
•Unique Aesthetic: Each piece of reclaimed wood has character and history,
adding rustic charm to buildings.
•Strength and Durability: Properly prepared reclaimed wood can be as
strong and durable as new lumber.
•Cost-Effectiveness: While initial costs may be higher, reclaimed wood's
longevity and aesthetic value make it cost-effective in the long run.
•Versatility: Reclaimed wood can be used for flooring, wall cladding, beams,
furniture, and decorative elements

15. 1 2
3
Range: ₹27 to ₹45 per Kg
1. Pinewood Packing Cases, from Sweden
2. Dismantling and removal of Fasteners
3. Sizing, Cutting and Planing

16. Recycled Aluminum Beverage Cans
For Roofing Tiles
Benefits of using Recycled Aluminum:
•Sustainability: Reduces waste and conserves resources by recycling
aluminum.
•Cost-Effectiveness: Using recycled aluminum is often more affordable
than new roofing materials.
•Durability: Aluminum is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and requires
minimal maintenance.
•Customization: Tiles can be designed in various coloursand profiles
to suit different architectural styles.

17. 1 2 3 4 5
Range: ₹330 to ₹370 per kg
1. Collection of Used Cans
2. Casting in required Shape and Size
3. Laying of Tiles
4. Fasteners and Finishing
5. Acessories and Completed Roof

18. Aluminum Beverage Cans FAQs
•What are the properties of aluminum drink cans?
Aluminum cans are malleable and light (aluminum is one-third as heavy as
steel), and also do not rust or corrode. Aluminum is an element (Al, atomic
number 13), whereas steel is an alloy made mainly of iron and carbon.
•How many cans of Aluminum make 1 kg?
65-70 cans
•What is the Cost of Aluminium UBC Scrap?
₹ 80-120/Kg
•What is the cost of Aluminium Casting?
₹ 250/kilogram
•What will be the landed cost of recycled Aluminium? product?
₹ 330-370/kg

19. Aluminum Recycling Process
Induction FurnaceCollection Casting
Aluminium Electric Induction Melting Furnace, Material
Loading Capacity (T): 10-1000 Kg ₹ 5,00,000
[phone]

21. Infill: Conventional Brickwork (Mudbricks)
•Brick Selection:
•Choose bricks based on colour, texture, and size to achieve the desired
aesthetic. Salvaged or reclaimed bricks can add character and a vintage look.
•Surface Preparation:
•Prepare the brick surface by cleaning off any mortar residue or debris.
Depending on the desired finish, bricks can be left natural or sealed for a
cleaner appearance.
•Installation:
•Lay bricks using traditional masonry techniques such as stacking or bonding
with mortar. Exposed brick can be used for walls, arches, fireplaces, or accent
features.
•Finishing:
•For interior walls, consider leaving the bricks unpainted to showcase their
natural texture and color. Alternatively, apply a clear sealer or whitewash for a
different look.
•Exterior brickwork may require protective coatings to withstand weather
elements and prevent water penetration

22. •Sustainability: Mud bricks are environmentally friendly and
sustainable, utilizing locally available materials.
•Insulation: Mud bricks have natural thermal properties, keeping
interiors cooler in hot climates and warmer in colder seasons.
•Cost-Effective: Mud bricks are low-cost as the raw materials are often
abundant and require minimal processing.
•Versatility: They can be used for load-bearing walls, non-load-bearing
partitions, or even decorative elements within a structure.
Features and Benefits of Mud Bricks
(Onsite):

23. 1 2
Range: ₹12 to ₹27 per brick
1. Soil Excavation
2. Mixing of Soil with binders and cut straw/twigs
3. Moulding of Blocks, Sun Drying
4. Finished Block

24. Mud Plastering
•1. Material Quality:
•Source of Clay: If you're sourcing clay locally for mud plastering,
ensure that the clay is suitable for construction purposes and free from
contaminants. The quality of the clay can impact the durability and
finish of the plaster.
•Consistency: The consistency of the mud mixture used for plastering
is crucial. Ensure that the right proportions of clay, sand, and
sometimes additives like straw or fiber are used to create a stable and
durable plaster

26. Linseed Oil/Jack Oil/Coconut Oil/Cashew nut
Shell Oil Treatment
Benefits of Treating mud plastering with linseed oil:
•Enhanced Water Resistance: Linseed oil helps repel water and
moisture, reducing damage to mud plaster.
•Improved Durability: Adds strength and resilience to mud plaster,
increasing its lifespan.
•Natural Appearance: Provides a warm, matte finish that enhances the
aesthetic appeal of mud plaster.
•Non-Toxic and Eco-Friendly: Linseed oil is a natural, environmentally
friendly option.

27. Paints and Surface Finishes
Considerations for Non-VOC Paints:
•Paint Selection: Choose paints labeled as "low-VOC" or "zero-VOC" to
ensure minimal emissions of harmful chemicals. Look for certifications such
as Green Seal or Green guard to verify the paint's environmental claims.
•Surface Preparation: Proper surface preparation is crucial for the longevity
of any paint, including non-VOC paints. Ensure surfaces are clean, dry, and
free from contaminants before painting.
•Application and Drying: Follow manufacturer's recommendations for
application and drying times to achieve the best results with non-VOC
paints.
•Maintenance: Non-VOC paints are generally easy to clean and maintain.
Regular cleaning with mild soap and water can help preserve the paint finish

28. Optional Building Blocks

29. Precast Foundation
•Manual Earth Auger Excavation- reduces labour and time
•Stackable Precast Footing – cast in a factory in standard sizes and
shipped to the site
•Onsite Tie beam – connects all the pylons
•Backfill – refill of earth after excavation and compacting

30. 1. Soil Excavation
2. Precast Pier Foundation
3.T iebeam cast onsite
4. Finished Foundation

31. MS Brackets/Connectors
Features and Benefits:
•Versatility: Modular nuts and bolts allow for flexible design and
reconfiguration of structures, furniture.
•Basic Tool Assembly: Components can be assembled and adjusted
without specialized tools, enabling quick and easy installation and
modifications.
•Strength and Durability: High-quality nuts and bolts ensure stable
connections capable of supporting various loads and forces.
•Compatibility: Modular systems is designed to be compatible with standard
components, offering a wide range of options for customization.

32. 1. Various MS Brackets*
2. Front Elevation
3. Interiors
4. Interiors
Variable pitch connectorType 8
Type 9

33. Flooring/Tiling Options
Stone Plastic
Composite
Whatsapp:
[phone]
[email protected]
Recycled Plastic tiles,
Wet Areas
https://www.precious
plastic.com/
Terracotta Tiles
https://nuvocotto.com

34. Plastic Recycling- HDPE/PP/LDPE/PS
SPECIFICATIONS
Material to be processed: Recycled
HDPE/PP/LDPE/PS Grinded Scrap
Size to be manufactured: Up to 6ft Length
Screw RPM: 180 / Max.
Screw size: L- 790 mm, OD – 30mm
Barrel Size: L- 578 mm, OD-40mm, ID- 30mm
Max. Extrusion Output: Max.20 Kg/Hr.
Advanced extrusion control with optimized workflow
to fill molds
Total Connected Load: 8* kW (Approx.
https://recosolution.com/machine/extruder-pro

35. Column & Beam Sections

36. Single Bedroom House
Layout and Space Optimization:
•Open Floor Plan: Embrace an open layout to maximize space and create a sense
of openness. Combine living, dining, and kitchen areas to avoid unnecessary walls
and partitions.
•Multi-Functional Areas: Use furniture and design elements that serve dual
purposes, such as a sofa bed for accommodating guests or a dining table that can
also be a workspace.
•Efficient Storage: Incorporate built-in storage solutions like wall-mounted shelves,
under-bed drawers, and compact closets to minimize clutter and maximize usable
space.

37. Functional Zones:
•Bedroom: Design a cozy and private bedroom area with space for a
comfortable bed, bedside tables, and adequate storage for clothing
and personal items.
•Living Area: Create a relaxing living space with a sofa or seating
arrangement focused around a central feature like a TV or fireplace.
•Kitchen: Optfor a compact yet functional kitchen layout with essential
appliances, adequate storage, and counter space for meal preparation.
•Bathroom: Include a well-designed bathroom with a shower or
bathtub, toilet, and vanity, ensuring efficient use of space without
compromising functionality.

38. Overview
•Floor Plan Overview:
•Total Area: Approximately 500-700 square feet (46-65 square meters)
•Layout: Open-concept living with a single bedroom and a combined kitchen-dining-living area.
•Key Features:
•Entry and Living Area:
1.Upon entering, you step into an open living space with a small foyer area.
2.This space includes a cozy living area with a sofa, coffee table, and entertainment center.
1.Kitchen and Dining Area:
1.Adjacent to the living area is a compact kitchen equipped with essential appliances (stove, refrigerator, sink, and
storage cabinets).
2.A dining table for two or a breakfast bar is integrated into the kitchen space.
2.Bedroom:
1.The single bedroom is designed for privacy and comfort.
2.It accommodates a full-size bed, nightstands, and a small wardrobe or built-in closet for storage.
3.Bathroom:
1.The bathroom is accessed from either the bedroom or a hallway.
2.It features a shower or bathtub, toilet, and a vanity with storage for toiletries.
4.Storage:
1.Efficient storage solutions are incorporated throughout the house, including closets in the bedroom and hallway, as
well as kitchen cabinets.

39. 285 Sft STUDIO
Cost per Sft 1600/-
Total Cost Approx 4.56L
Electrical, Sanitary and Flooring
will be Extra
Input cost of materials- 850/- SFT

40. Cost per Sft 1200/-
Total Cost Approx 5.5L
Electrical, Sanitary and Flooring
will be Extra
Input cost of materials- 850/- SFT
SINGLE BEDROOM

41. Cost per sft 1100/-
Total Cost Approx 5.82L
Electrical, Sanitary and Flooring
will be Extra
Input cost of materials- 850/- sft
TWO BEDROOM

42. Warranties and Guarantees
•Structural Warranties:
•Foundation: Structural integrity of the foundation, ensuring it remains
stable and free from defects.
•Roof Structure: The roof structure (whether timber trusses or steel
frame) may have a warranty against structural issues like sagging or
failure.
•General Construction: Builders typically offer a warranty for the
overall construction, covering major structural components for a
specified period (e.g., one year or more)

43. Schedule of work
90 Days for Single Bedroom/2 Bedroom
Schedule focusing on the construction of a single-bedroom house:
•Week 1-2: Site Preparation and Foundation
•Clear site, excavate, and pour concrete for foundation.
•Week 3-4: Superstructure (Walls and Roof)
•Construct brick walls and install roof structure (timber trusses or steel frame).
•Week 5-6: Doors and Windows
•Install door and window frames.
•Week 7-8: Roof Covering and Exterior Finishes
•Apply roof covering (recycled aluminum tiles or other material).
•Complete exterior finishes such as rendering or cladding.
•Week 9-10: Electrical and Plumbing Rough-ins
•Rough-in electrical wiring and plumbing pipes within the structure.
•Week 11-12: Interior Framing
•Frame interior walls and partitions.
•Week 13: Final Inspections and Completion
•Conduct final inspections and address any outstanding structural tasks.
•Complete the structural construction of the single-bedroom house

44. 1. Sump Tank:
•Function: A sump tank is used to store water collected from various sources, such as rainwater harvesting or groundwater, for
domestic or irrigation purposes.
•Location: Typically located underground, either inside or outside the building.
•Components: Includes an inlet pipe to collect water, an outlet pipe for distribution, and a pump for lifting water to overhead tanks.
2. Overhead Tank (Water Storage Tank):
•Function: An overhead tank stores water pumped from the sump or supplied by municipal water for distribution throughout the
building via gravity.
•Location: Positioned at an elevated height, usually on the rooftop or a higher platform to create water pressure for distribution.
•Capacity: Varies based on water demand and usage requirements of the building or household.
3. Soakpit (Soakaway):
•Function: A soakpit is designed to manage wastewater from sinks, showers, or washing machines by allowing it to percolate into
the ground.
•Purpose: Facilitates the natural filtration and absorption of wastewater into the soil, reducing the burden on sewage systems.
•Construction: Typically consists of a pit filled with porous materials like gravel or broken stones, allowing water to seep into the
surrounding soil.
Services

45. Range: ₹25 to ₹35 per lt

46. Community Co-operation
•Skill Development/ Sharing and Sweat Equity: Members contribute
skills and labor, reducing costs and fostering ownership.
•Community Building: Collaborative construction strengthens
relationships and creates supportive communities.
•Customization and Flexibility: Members have control over design and
amenities, tailored to their needs.
•Long-Term Sustainability: Emphasis on eco-friendly practices
reduces environmental impact and operating costs

47. Sweat Equity
By contributing sweat equity, individuals invest their time and effort into the
project, which can have several benefits:
•Reduced Costs: Sweat equity reduces the need for hiring external
contractors, thus lowering construction costs.
•Ownership and Pride: Participants earn a sense of ownership and pride in
the project, as they directly contribute to its creation.
•Increased Affordability: Members can earn equity in the housing project
through their labor, making homeownership more accessible and affordable.
•Skill Development: Participants gain valuable skills and experience related
to construction and homebuilding.
•Stronger Community Bonds: Working together on the project fosters
camaraderie and strengthens community relationships.

48. Reflects the aspiration of owning a home without the burden of debt, leading to greater financial stability and
personal satisfaction. This concept emphasizes the following key aspects:
•Financial Freedom: Owning a home outright, without a mortgage or significant debt, provides a sense of
financial freedom and security. It eliminates monthly mortgage payments and associated interest costs,
allowing for more discretionary income and reduced financial stress.
•Peace of Mind: Living in a debt-free home promotes peace of mind, knowing that one's primary asset is
fully owned and not subject to foreclosure or repossession due to debt obligations.
•Improved Quality of Life: Without the weight of mortgage debt, homeowners can allocate resources to
other priorities such as education, investments, travel, or leisure activities, enhancing overall quality of
life.
•Long-Term Stability: A debt-free home contributes to long-term stability and resilience, especially during
economic downturns or unexpected financial challenges.
Low Cost Housing

49. In India, most banks have a minimum loan amount of Rs. 1 lakh.
However, some lenders may require a minimum loan amount of
Rs. 5 lakh or higher for home loans.

50. EMI Calculation Formula - EMI = [P x r x (1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n-1]
where P represents principal, r denotes the interest rate, and n denotes the
number of instalments
or the duration of the loan in months.

51. https://aadharhousing.com/about-us/overview#

52. https://pmay-urban.gov.in/pmayuhousegallery

56. The Faculty & Students of IITs/ NITs/ Engineering colleges/ Planning & Architecture colleges; Technical Professionals
engaged in Private/ Public sectors; Elected Representatives; Construction Agencies/ Builders/ Developers; Center/ State
Government/ULB ocials; Central/State PSUs; Research Students; Startups/ Innovators/ Entrepreneurs; Knowledge
Partners; NGOs/CSOs; Media and other concerned stakeholders can enroll themselves as TECHNOGRAHIS through a simple
online procedure available at
https://ghtc-india.gov.in/

57. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q161zbM_s8Y&ab_chann
el=ClimatePolicyInitiative
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUqo4-
2Ri1U&ab_channel=HabitatforHumanity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4pb1aIXrPk&ab_channel
=SandraPrieto