RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS by - Maithili Kalaskar

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING -Renewable energy and green technology.

1. FAMILIARIZATION WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS PREPARED BY – Ms. Maithili Vijay Kalaskar School of Agriculture G.H RAISONI UNIVERSITY CHHINDWARA , M.P Year -2 Sem - 4 Sec- A

2. RENEWABLE ENERGY Renewable energy sources also called non-conventional energy, are sources that are continuously replenished by natural processes. For example, solar energy, wind energy, bio-energy bio-fuels grown sustain ably), hydropower etc., are some of the examples of renewable energy sources A renewable energy system converts the energy found in sunlight, wind, falling-water, sea waves, geothermal heat, or biomass into a form, we can use such as heat or electricity. Most of the renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from sun and wind and can never be exhausted, and therefore they are called renewable.

3. Various forms of renewable energy 1. Solar energy 2. Wind energy 3. Bio energy and Biofuel 4. Hydro energy 5. Geothermal energy 6. Wave and tidal energy

4. 10 RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 1. SOLAR COOKER A  solar cooker  is a device which uses the energy of direct sunlight to heat, cook or pasteurize drink and other food materials . WORKING :- A  solar cooker  lets the UV light rays in and then transforms them into longer infrared light rays that cannot escape. Infrared radiations have the energy to make the water, fat, and protein molecules in food vibrate energetically and heat up.

5. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 2. SOLAR DRYER Solar dryers  are devices that use  solar  energy to dry substances, especially food. There are two general types of  solar dryers : Direct and indirect . WORKING :- The   principle  of the  solar drying  technique is to collect  solar  energy by heating-up the air volume in  solar  collectors and conduct the hot air from the collector to an attached enclosure, the meat  drying  chamber. ... There is no direct impact of  solar  radiation (sunshine) on the product

6. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 3. SOLAR WATER PUMP A  solar water pump  system is essentially an electrical  pump  system in which the electricity is provided by one or several PhotoVoltaic (PV) panels WORKING :- When sunlight falls on the  solar  panels it produces direct current (DC) which then feeds the motor to  pump  out the  water . However, in the case where the motor requires an alternating current (AC), the DC produced by  solar  panels is converted to AC using an inverter.

7. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 4. SOLAR GREENHOUSE Solar greenhouses  are the enclosures where crops, vege - tables, or flowers are provided proper environment under adverse climatic conditions for plant grow~h and production . WORKING:- Solar greenhouses  capture the light energy of the sun and convert it into heat energy and store it. ... The glass or plastic in a  greenhouse's  walls and roof let in the short waves of the  solar  light. This is then absorbed by the earth and plants in a  greenhouse  and converted into heat energy

8. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 5. SOLAR INSECT TRAP A device for  trapping insects  that includes a roof or cover and a  trap  or cage that are disposed at opposite ends of a housing. One or more  solar  cell(s) that convert UV rays into  solar  energy for powering one or more  trap  components is/are attached to the cover . WORKING :- It  trap  the fly  insect  by a wave in long distance, and  trap  by light in short distance then kill them by high-voltage electrocuted networks outside around which is safe to a human being as it has small current. Then  insect  drop into the collection Tray.

9. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 6. SOLAR CUM BIOGAS INSECT TRAP The biogas cum solar light trap was developed to monitor the pest infestation in the crop field . WORKING :- A conical funnel of base diameter of 32.5 cm and height 26 cm with a 5 cm diameter hole at the apex was used as the insect trap. A collar was welded at the apex and a clamp was provided for fixing polythene bag or plastic bottle to the collector for collecting the insects. The funnel was painted with yellow, since some insects are seen to be attracted by yellow colour.  

10. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 7. GOBAR GAS PLANT Gobar Gas   also known as BIOGAS PLANT typically refers to a  gas  produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. WORKING :- Biogas plants  rely on anaerobic digestion, a fermentation process in which waste is digested by microbes to produce methane  gas  ( biogas ). The waste can be converted into biofertiliser and spread directly onto fields, or the  biogas  itself can be used interchangeably with natural  gas  as  fuel .

11. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 8. SOLAR WATER HEATER A  solar water heater  is a device that captures sunlight to heat water. It can be an economical way to generate hot water. WORKING :- Solar water heating   is the conversion of sunlight into heat for  water heating  using a  solar  thermal collector.  Direct systems circulate  water  through  solar  collectors where it is heated by the sun.The sun's thermal energy heats the fluid in the  solar  collectors. Then, this fluid passes through a heat exchanger in the storage tank, transferring the heat to the  water.

12. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 9. STEAM COOKING ( PARABOLIC CONCENTRATORS) The system uses automatic tracking solar dish concentrators which convert water into high pressure steam and consists of shell type receiver made of mild steel, 35 cm in diameter, connected to two concentrators on either side, which focus sunlight on both sides of the receiver . WORKING :- The  Solar  rays falling onto the dish are reflected and concentrated on the receivers placed in its focus. Due to concentration the temperature achieved is very high (between 450-650 degree centigrade) and thus the water in receivers comes to boiling and becomes  steam .

13. RENEWABLE ENERGY GADGETS 10. SOLAR SPRAYER A  Solar  Operated Pesticide  Sprayer  is a pump running on electricity generated by photovoltaic panels or the thermal energy available from collected sunlight as opposed to grid electricity or diesel run water pumps . WORKING:- When the sun rays are falling on the  solar  panel electricity will be generated through the  solar  cells and stored in the battery. By the electric power in the battery the pump operates and therefore fertilizers from the tank is sprayed out through the  sprayers .