Renewable resources

Resource refers to all the materials available in our environment which help us to satisfy our needs and wants. It is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable.
Resources are characterized as renewable or nonrenewable.
A renewable energy source means energy that is sustainable - something that can't run out, or is endless, like the sun.

1. RESOURCES Presented By Swathi Sasidharan Bsc.Biotechnology St.Mary’s College,Thrissur RENEWABLE RESOURCES

2. RESOURCES Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs provided. It is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as Resource. Resources are part of an ecosystem and one where it is important to maintain biodiversity and the Earth’s life-support systems . A resource is a physical material that humans need and value such as land, air, and water. Resources are characterized as renewable or nonrenewable.

3. Types of Resources RENEWABLE RESOURCES R enewable resource can be replenished by the environment in over rela tively short periods of time. It includes timber, groundwater, wind, and solar energy . Eg : Oxygen can be replenished through photosynthesis NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES a nonrenewable resource has a limited supply. Resources exist in fixed quantity in earth’s crust. It includes coal and natural gas. Eg : petroleum formed through millions of years through geological process.

4. What is a renewable energy source? A renewable energy source means energy that is sustainable - something that can't run out, or is endless, like the sun. It is also referred as Alternative energy . I t can be replenished over a short period of time. The most popular renewable energy sources currently are : Solar energy Wind energy Hydro energy Tidal energy Geothermal energy Biomass energy 

5. Energy, in  physics , the capacity for doing  work . It may exist in  potential ,  kinetic ,  thermal , electrical,  chemical ,  nuclear , or other various forms. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but only changed from one form to another. This principle is known as the conservation of energy or the  first law of thermodynamics . Energy can be converted from one form to another in various other ways. Usable mechanical or electrical energy is produced by many kinds of devices, including fuel-burning heat engines, generators,  batteries ,  fuel cells , and  magnetohydrodynamic  systems. ENERGY

6. Sunlight is one of our planet’s most abundant and freely available energy resources. The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth’s surface in one hour is more than the planet’s total energy requirements for a whole year. It is the radiation from the sun that is capable of producing heat, causing chemical reactions, or generating electricity. It is the largest source of energy received on earth, but its intensity is very low. Solar energy is rapidly becoming the ultimate energy source because of its non-polluting character and its inexhaustible supply. SOLAR ENERGY

7. Generation of Solar Power Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power(CSP). Photovoltaics converts light into electric current using photoelectric effect.

8. Advantages Renewable resources. Reduces electricity bills. Low maintenance costs. Technology development. Diverse applications. Disadvantages Initial cost of purchasing solar system is fairly high. Weather dependent. Solar energy storage is expensive. Use of a lot of space. Associated with pollution. Advantages and Disadvantages

9. WIND ENERGY The wind is a clean, free, and readily available renewable energy source. Each day, around the world, wind turbines are capturing the wind’s power and converting it to electricity. Wind power generation plays an increasingly important role in the way we power our world – in a clean, sustainable manner. Wind turbines allow us to harness the power of the wind and turn it into energy.

10. When the wind blows, the turbine's blades spin clockwise, capturing energy. This triggers the main shaft of the wind turbine, connected to a gearbox within the nacelle, to spin. The gearbox sends that wind energy to the generator, converting it to electricity. Electricity then travels to a transformer, where voltage levels are adjusted to match with the grid. Working

11. Advantages Wind power is cost effective. It creates jobs. It is clean fuel source. Wind is domestic source of energy It is sustainable. Wind turbines can be built on existing farm or ranches. Disadvantages Turbines might cause noise and aesthetic pollution. Wind plants can impact local wildlife. Wind power must still compete with conventional generation sources on a cost basis. Advantages and Disadvantages

12. HYDRO ENERGY Hydroelectric  energy , also called hydroelectric power or  hydroelectricity . It is a form of energy that harnesses the power of water in motion such as water flowing over a waterfall to generate electricity.  Hydroelectric energy is the most commonly-used renewable source of electricity. China is the largest producer of hydroelectricity. E lectricity  produced from generators driven by  turbines  that convert the  potential energy  of falling or fast-flowing  water  into  mechanical energy . In the early 21st century, hydroelectric power was the most widely utilized form of  renewable energy.

13. Most hydroelectric power plants have a  reservoir  of water, a gate or valve to control how much water flows out of the reservoir, and an outlet or place where the water ends up after flowing downward. Water gains  potential energy  just before it spills over the top of a dam or flows down a hill. The potential energy is converted into  kinetic energy  as water flows downhill. The water can be used to turn the blades of a  turbine  to generate electricity, which is distributed to the power plant’s customers. Working

14. Advantages Renewable Emission free Reliable Adjustable Create lakes Disadvantages Higher initial cost. Impact on fishes. Suspectible to droughts Carbon and methane emission Flood risk Advantages and Disadvantages

15. BIOMASS ENERGY B iomass is organic, meaning it is made of material that comes from living organisms, such as plants and animals. The most common biomass materials used for energy are plants, wood, and waste. These are called  biomass feedstock s. Biomass energy can also be a non-renewable energy source.  Biomass contains energy first derived from the sun: Plants absorb the sun’s energy through  photosynthesis , and convert carbon dioxide and water into  nutrient s (carbohydrates). The energy from these organisms can be transformed into usable energy through direct and indirect means.

16. Biomass can be burned to create heat (direct), converted into  electricity  (direct), or processed into  biofuel  (indirect). Biomass can be burned by  thermal conversion  and used for energy. Thermal conversion involves heating the biomass feedstock in order to burn,  dehydrate , or stabilize it. The most familiar biomass feedstocks for thermal conversion are  raw material s such as  municipal solid waste (MSW)  and scraps from paper or lumber mills. Different types of energy are created through direct firing, co-firing, pyrolysis, Working gasification, and anaerobic decomposition.

17. Advantages B iomass is always and widely available as a renewable source of energy. It is carbon neutral. It reduces the overreliance of fossil fuels. It Is less expensive than fossil fuels. Biomass production adds a revenue source for manufacturers. Less garbage in landfills. Disadvantages Biomass energy is not as efficient as fossil fuels It is not entirely clean. Can lead to deforestation.  Biomass plants require a lot of space. Not easily transported. Advantages and Disadvantages

18. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Geothermal energy, form of  energy conversion  in which  heat   energy  from within  Earth  is captured and harnessed for cooking, bathing, space heating, electrical power generation, and other uses. Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy can be used for heating and cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean electricity. Geothermal energy is heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth. H eat from Earth’s interior generates surface phenomena such as  lava  flows,  geysers ,  fumaroles ,  hot springs , and mud pots. Water and or steam carry the geothermal energy to the Earth’s surface.

19. Geothermal power plants,  which use heat from deep inside the Earth to generate steam to make electricity. 1.Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a well under high pressure. 2.When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped, which causes the water to turn into steam. 3.The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces electricity. 4.The steam cools off in a cooling tower and condenses back to water. 5.The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again. Working

20. Advantages Geothermal Energy Sourcing Is Good for the Environment. Geothermal Is a Reliable Source of Renewable Energy. High Efficiency of Geothermal Systems. Little to No Geothermal System Maintenance. Disadvantages Environmental Concerns about Greenhouse Emissions. Possibility of Depletion of Geothermal Sources. High Investment Costs for Geothermal System. Land Requirements for Geothermal System to Be Installed. Advantages and Disadvantages

21. THANK YOU Swathi Sasidharan