RESEARCH LEC #19.pptx for post rn or bsn

RESEARCH LEC #19.pptx for post rn or bsn

1. NURSING RESEARCH SNOBIA MANZOOR POST(RN),MPH 1

2. OBJECTIVES: AT the end of this lecture students will be able to learn: Describe the level of measurement Define Research Proposal Describe the component of Research Proposal 2

3. Level of measurement It was introduced by stanley smith steves in 1964. The level of measurement: Nominal scale Ordinal scale Interval scale Ratio scale 3

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5. 1 . Nominal scale Nominal is from the Latin nomalis, which means “ pertaining to names”. It's another name for a category. The first level of measurement are used only to classify the data. Examples:  gender: male, female, other. Hair color: brown, black, 5

6. 2.Ordinal Scale It is the next level of measurement in which variables are measured in the form of order. Variables are in order or rank but without a degree of difference between categories.  For example categorizing your income as high, medium, or low. 6

7. 3.Interval level It is outcome of the quantitative variable. The interval scale has a known and equal distance between each value on the scale.It does not have true zero. Examples of interval data includes  temperature (in Celsius or Fahrenheit) 7

8. 4.Ratio level It is highest level of measurement .Ratio is an interval scale with a true zero point. Examples o f ratio variables include:  weight ,height which has no existence at zero. 8

9. Research proposal “A research proposal is a concise and coherent written document of proposed research. It is written before the research has commenced.” or “It is an opportunity for you to present your idea and proposed action.” prepared by snobia manzoor 9

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11. Characteristics of a research proposal It is forward looking Anticipated plan of research It is a valuable tool for the students Provides model for research prepared by snobia manzoor 11

12. Purpose of research proposal Means of open communication between researcher and others Help researcher to clarify own thinking Serve as basis for negotiating Help to seek ethical approval As a contract between researcher and other party prepared by snobia manzoor 12

13. Component of research proposal Title Introduction of topic Significance of research Review of literature Operational definition of terms hypothesis prepared by snobia manzoor 13

14. Conti………. Methodology Significance. Limitations of study Ethical Issues Budget Conclusion References & Appendix prepared by snobia manzoor 14

15. REFRENCES: Burns, N. & Groves, S.K.(2007). understanding nursing research.(4 th ed.). Philadelphia: W .B. Saunders. Polit ,D .F .& Beck, C.T.(2006).Essential of nursing research: Methods ,appraisal, & utilization.(6 th ed.).Philadelphia: Lippincott 15