Research Methodology (RM)- Scaling Techniques- MBA

Research Methodology (RM)- Scaling Techniques- MBA

1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2 nd semester --- 1 nd Mid PPT IMMANI CHANDRA SHEKAR REGD . NO. :19K61E0020 SUBJECT CODE : 18MS02T5

2. Mid Topic: Scaling Techniques

3. Definitions For scaling: According to Edwards, scaling can be defined as, "procedure for the assignment of numbers (or other symbols) to a property of objects in order to impart some of the characteristics of numbers to the properties in question".

4. Importance of Scaling: In business or management research, scaling is very crucial for the research process . It helps in measuring and analysing attitudes of different individuals . The exact behaviour of an individual is reflected by such attitude analysis . Number of attitude measuring scales has been developed by researchers.

5. Scaling Techniques: Scaling Techniques Ranking scales Rating scales Graphic rating scales Itemised rating scales Method of Paired comparison Method of Rank order

6. Scaling construction Techniques : Scaling construction Techniques: Arbitrary scales Differential (or) Thurston type scales Summated scales (or) Likert type scales Cumulative scales (or) louis Guttmann's scalogram Factor scales

7. Applications of Ranking Scale : 1) Tap Preferences 2) Numerous Uses 3) Artificial and Controlled Circumstances Application of Rating Scales: l) Social Research 2) Employee Performance 3) Clinical Applications 4) Multiple Performance Targets 5) Assessment on Specified Targets

8. Ranking Scales : Merits: 1) Provides Insight about Choices and Preferences 2) Significant Research Tools: 3 ) Helps in Decision-Making: Demerits: 1) Unable to Identify the Reasons of Responses: 2) Impossible to Give Same Rank to Two Items: 3) Distance between the Options may vary: 4) Risk of Business:

9. Rating Scales: Merits: Provides Standardisation Applicable for Appraisals and Assessments Provides Fair Outcome Simple and Comprehensible Demerits: l) Biasness 2) Applicable to Structured Cases Only. 3) Impossible to Observe the Respondents Directly 4) Limitation in Comparability

10. Conclusion: Scaling describes the procedures of assigning numbers to various degrees of opinion, attitude and other concepts. This can be done in two ways viz., making a judgment about some characteristic of an individual and then placing him directly on a scale that has been defined in terms of that characteristic and constructing questionnaires in such a way that the score of individual’s responses assigns him a place on a scale.