Research Priority areas in Forest Pathology or protection final .pptx

This is research Priority areas in Forest Pathology.

1. Plantation disease Research Priority areas Wendu Admasu (PhD, Plant Pathology) Adama June, 2024 Adama June, 2024 Process: PRP 1 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC)

2. Plantation diseases research focus areas Plantation is under significant health threat globally due to emerging diseases, significantly reducing productivity. The recent global increase in the pathogenic activity and geographic range expansion/pathosystems is linked to warmer climate and extreme weather conditions. Challenges W ide host range/ecology , endophytic, cryptic, opportunistic nature,, cross pathogenicity and increasing genetic polymorphism, sudden change from endophytic to aggressive pathogen Inability of host Co-evolution/ co-adaptation, the host and the pathogen, Predisposing Factors The rapid increase in global trade, travel Site-species mismatch, poor silvicultural practices Planting susceptible host spp. June, 2024 2 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

3. June, 2024 3 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP Figure 6. An illustrative example of typical disease symptoms , host associations , sporulation and cross pathogenicit y of Botryosphaeria dothidea of the fungus on three hosts, including native ( Acacia sp .) and non-native ( Eucalyptus and Malus spp .) hosts ( Marsberg et al ., 2017).

4. Research areas to be our focus in the future are 1. Forest health monitoring : Regular plantation health monitoring, new technologies and tools track the spread of invasive Insect pests and diseases. Timely detection, notification of outbreaks and control measures 2. Pathogens, host trees and environmental factors and their Interactions 3. Resilient plantation systems that resist/ co-adapt disease outbreaks and other stressors June, 2024 4 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

5. Research areas to be our focus in the future….. 4. T he impacts of climate change on plantations health Research on impacts of climate change, distribution and dynamics of plantation forest pathogens adaptive management strategies is essential . 6. Increasing public awareness of plantation diseases, symptoms and management strategies, early detection and prevention of disease outbreaks. building capacity among forest managers, researchers, and policymakers for effective management. June, 2024 5 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

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12. 2. Research focusing on Plantation diseases Management 1. Quarantine approach P revent introductions of exotic pests, their spread once established 2. Silvicultural techniques : control pest out breaks by reducing pest below economic injury levels, keeping pests under the control of natural enemies Minimizing exposure of plants to stress, Phytosanitation practices and healthy seeds 3. Biological control : natural enemies, potential microbes 4. Chemical control: when appropriate Resistance species based/Breeding June, 2024 12 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

13. 2. Research focusing on Plantation diseases Management 2.1. We have to focus on the basic principles Disease triangle concept Epidemiological concept Diseases cycle concept Principles of control and control strategies June, 2024 13 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

14. 2.1.1. Disease triangle concept For diseases development more or less Susceptible host , aggressive pathogen , favorable environment June, 2024 14 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

15. 2.1.2. Knowledge of diseases cycle Inoculation, penetration, infection, diseases, pathogen reproduction , Dispersal and survival June, 2024 15 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

16. June, 2024 16 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

17. 2.1.3. Knowledge of Epidemiology The study of diseases in plantation, factors affecting the outbreak, diseases dynamics , severity, incidence etc Focus on decrease on initial inoculum , rate and duration of infection time b/n infection and appearance of symptoms ( Incubation period ) time from infection to production of new inoculums ( Latent period ) length of incubation period varies with: the particular pathogen host combination developmental stages of the host Temperature (Environment) June, 2024 17 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP

18. June, 2024 18 Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP Survey/ Assessment Sample c o llec t i o n , isolation Grow p a t h o g e n in the lab Identify Confirm St ud y , De si g n , test control strategies Use IPM strategies, b oo s t p la n t resistance, control

19. June, 2024 20 Thank you!!! Central Ethiopia Forestry Development Center (CEFDC) Process: PRP