researchlecture.ppt How to give a research lecture

How to give a research lecture

1. Copyright Alcohol Medical Schola
rs Program 2004
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How To Give A Research
Lecture
Andrea DiMartini M.D.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Western Psychiatric Institute
Alcohol Medical Scholars Program

2. Copyright Alcohol Medical Schola
rs Program 2004
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Why Research Lectures?
•Communicates your findings
•Advances science
•Establishes your research credibility
•Aids in manuscript preparation

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rs Program 2004
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Similar To An Educational Lecture
•Composition of slides
•3 to 4 key points
•Format
–Orienting the audience
–Recapitulation of key points
–Summary / conclusions

4. Copyright Alcohol Medical Schola
rs Program 2004
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Different From An Educational Lecture
•Goals
•Format
•Length (often 15-20 minutes)
•Style of presentation
•Professional impression

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rs Program 2004
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This Lecture Will Cover:
•How to organize information
•Format
•Composition of data slides
•Issues on delivery

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Format Of Research Lecture
•Title / disclosures / acknowledgments
•Background
•Specific aims / hypotheses
•Methods
•Data
•Conclusions / future directions

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Title Slide
•1 Slide
•Title is critical to preparing audience
•May acknowledge key personnel
•Funding sources / disclosures

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Background Information
•~1 – 2 slides
•Consider the needs of the audience
•Experience leading to hypotheses
•What has been done before
•Your preliminary studies / observations

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Specific Aims
•1 slide
•Specific goals concisely worded
•1 to 3 goals
•Prepares audience to understand and
interpret your results

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Specific Aims Examples
•Specific Aim 1
Determine prevalence of alcohol use in
first trimester
•Specific Aim 2
Determine association MDR1
polymorphisms and tiagabine neurotoxcity

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rs Program 2004
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Methods
•~1 – 2 slides
•Clinical research
–Sample selected / recruited
–Data collected
•Benchtop research
–Procedures
–Collecting, processing, analyzing,
storage of samples

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rs Program 2004
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Procedure
mailed reminder phone
quest. postcard call
2
weeks
2
weeks
Example
Donor Retention Study : Methods*
Study Participants

Jan. 99 - Jan. 02

random sample

minorities proportional to population

response rate: 80% (2140/ 2675)
*From Dr. Galen Switzer

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Description Of The Sample
•Number in the study (the “N”)
•Clinical study
–Demographics
–Comparison to general / other cohorts
–Diagnoses / co-morbid diagnoses

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Sample Example:
Pre-treatment Characteristics
N=160 Percentage
Sociodemographics
Gender, % male 85
Age, % < 50 65
Race, % Caucasian 90
Martial status, % married 51
Education, % HS 73
Alcohol Histories
% dependence 87
+ Family member 63
Prior rehabilitation 48

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rs Program 2004
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Data
•~ 5 – 7 slides
•Keep it simple
•Emphasize key results
•Types of data slides (text, tables,
graphs and figures)

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Examples Of Displaying Data

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Visual Display of Same Data
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1st Qtr2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
treatment control
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
treatment control
Poor Better

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rs Program 2004
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Don’t Make A Slide Of A Table With Text So Small It
Requires A Magnifying Glass For The Audience To Read
 Organ SystemPsychotropicConsideration
 
All neurolepticsAkathisia can be confused with restlessness/tremor from immunosupressants
 
All haloperidolRare Torsades de Pointes ventricular arrhythmia if i.v.
May be more common if patient has dilated cardiomyopathy or a history of alcohol abuse
 
AllhaloperidolCan be given intravenously in doses as high as
1000 mg/day for severe intractable delirium
 
AllhaloperidolGlucuronidation is major metabolic route, not P
450
 
AllfluoxetineNot slow metabolism of CyA (Strouse, 1996)or FK506
 
AllnefazadoneAvoid concurrent use of terfenadine, astemizole, or and CYP
450
3A3/4
 
AllSSRIs, Hyponatremia and SIADH may occur
 
Allvalproic acidHyperammonemia may occur in absence of LFT abnormalities, possibly in carnitine deficient
patients

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rs Program 2004
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The Same Applies To Data Tables
subjectTrialNumTrialTypSame Diff Response TimeFirstIm
1 29 1114.26977 0 3068 215
2 33 117.146032 0 2251 315
3 47 112.596087 0 2256 869
4 48 118.814672 0 2283 259
5 75 115.875862 0 2556 435
6 76 115.419664 0 2260 417
7 77 112.807588 0 2072 738
8 78 1112.72571 0 2227 175
9 79 1113.17341 0 2279 173
10 21 140.011087 0 2399216374
11 23 140.023998 0 3016125679
12 25 140.005312 0 2734514728
13 66 140.009892 0 2620264873
14 69 140.015006 0 2082138749
15 83 140.002457 0 2250915873
16 84 140.00235 0 2176925764
17 85 140.011073 0 2365213574
18 86 140.010329 0 2235216384
19 15 1916.20149 0 2171 134

20. Copyright Alcohol Medical Schola
rs Program 2004
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Here Is A Similar Example Using
Too Many Small Pictures
*National Library of Medicine

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Could One Picture Make The Point?
*National Library of Medicine

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This one displays the results…
Pre-treatment Characteristics
Hazards Ratio p Value
Alcohol Histories
Alcohol Dependence 2.3 p=.04
Family member with alcoholism 1.3 p=.35
Length of sobriety pre-treatment 0.98 p=.01
Years of heavy drinking 0.98 p=.78
Number of drinks/day 1.1 p=.54
Rehabilitation
Any form of rehabilitation 2.2 p=.01
Type of rehabilitation 1.3 p=.09
Number of rehabilitations 0.95 p=.07
Mental Health
Depressive disorder 1.5 p=.68
Anxiety disorder 0.76 p=.59
Substance use 1.8 p=.067
IV Drug use 1.2 p=.087
Psychotic disorder 1.1 p=.33

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rs Program 2004
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But this one focuses on key points and is easier to read
Pre-treatment Characteristics
Hazards Ratio
Alcohol Histories
Alcohol Dependence 2.3 p=.04
Family member with alcoholism 1.3

Length of sobriety pre-treatment 0.98
p=.01

Rehabilitation
Any form of rehabilitation 2.2
p=.01
Mental Health
Depressive disorder 1.5
Substance use 1.8

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Year
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

T
r
a
n
s
p
l
a
n
t
s
2522
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
19871990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
NMDP Stem Cell Transplants by Year*
(Example of combining data on one slide)
2003
Cumulative
*From Dr. Galen Switzer

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rs Program 2004
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Medical Variables And Amount Of Alcohol Per Day
(Example of combining data which is too complex for a slide)
25
45
65
85
105
125
145
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011
GGTP IU/L Alcohol in gms/day
Weeks post-treatment
115
110
105
100
95
90
MCV µm
3

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rs Program 2004
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Conclusions
•1-2 slides
•Recapitulate main points
•Limitations
•Future directions

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rs Program 2004
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Issues With Presenting
•Know the audience
•Know the time and stick to it!
•Leave time for questions
•Rehearse, rehearse, rehearse

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Summary
•Critical to the dissemination of science
•Anyone can do it well with organization
and practice
•3 - 4 key points
•Keep data slides simple
•Practice makes perfect!