Reservoir sedimentation & its control

1. Name : Zahin Rana ID NO : 17CE120 Division : 2 ( C2 ) Subject :- Hydrology and Water Resource Engg . Subject code :- CE302 Submitted to :- Prof. Neha Patel BVM ENGINEERING COLLEGE

2. RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION AND ITS CONTROL

3. CONTENT : Introduction Reservoir Sedimentation Types of sediment Causes of sedimentation Reservoir sedimentation control References

4. INTRODUCTION “ What is a reservoir ? “ It is an area developed by water body due to construction of dam. A reservoir is, most commonly, an enlarged natural or artificial lake, pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of water, interrupting a watercourse to form an embayment within it, through excavation, or building any number of retaining walls or levees

5. RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION All rivers carry certain amount of water of sedimentation which is produced due to erosion in their catchment areas. These sediments are deposited in the reservoir on the upstream of the dam because of reduction of velocity . Sedimentation available reduce the capacity of the reservoir. Continuous sedimentation, the useful life of the reservoir goes on decreasing. If the soil in the catchment is loose and erodible, the sediment load is large. (Cont’d)

6. RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION In case of catchments having steep slopes, the sediment load is large because of high velocity of water. If the catchment area has no vegetal cover, the soil is easily eroded and the sediment load is large. If the intensity of rainfall is high, the discharge in the river is increased and the sediment load is large.

7. TYPES OF SEDIMENTATION The sediment load carried by a river may be divided into the following two parts:- 1) Suspended load 2) Bed load 1.) Suspended load :- The rive The suspended load is that part of the sediment load which does not move in contact with the bed of r It consists of relatively finer materials 2.) Bed load :- The bed load is that part of the sediment load which moves in contact with the bed of the river. It consists of relatively coarser materials.

8. CAUSES OF SEDIMENTATION The following are the different causes of sedimentation : Nature of soil in the catchment area Vegetation cover in the catchment area Topography of the catchment area Intensity of rainfall Cultivation of land

9. SEDIMENTATION CONTROL Selection of suitable site Proper design Control of sediment inflow a) check dam b) vegetation screens Control of sediment deposition Removal of sediment deposits Soil conservation

10. REFERENCES Reservoir sedimentation – Wikipedia https://water.fandom.com/wiki/Reservoir_sedimentation Reservoir sedimentation and its control – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sediment_control 3. Reservoir capacity – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir Book Engineering hydrology By k. Subramanyam Physical Hydrology - S. Lawrence Dingman Hydrology: principles and processes - M. Robinson, RC Ward