Respiratory System GRADE 6.pptx

Science Grade 6

1. Respiratory System

2. Respiratory System Respiratory system is a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The main organs of the respiratory system are the lungs which carry out the exchange of gases as we breathe.

3. Parts of the Respiratory System Nasal Cavity Pharynx and Larynx Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles and Alveoli Lungs Diaphragm

4. Nasal Cavity The nostrils are the opening into the nasal passages that are lined with hairs. Nostrils have cilia. The cilia filter the dust and other particles present in the air. They also protect the nasal passages and other regions of the respiratory tract.

5. Pharynx and Larynx The pharynx is also called throat. It is the common passageway for both food, water, and air. Below the epiglottis is the larynx or voice box.

6. Pharynx and Larynx The larynx contains two vocal cords that vibrate when air passes by them. The larynx is the main site for sound production. To prevent food from entering the windpipe or the trachea, the epiglottis closes the larynx when swallowing. This prevents food and water to enter the passage.

7. Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli The trachea is known as windpipe. It is made up of muscles and elastic fibers with rings of cartilage lined with cilia. It filters the air we inhale and branches into the bronchi.

8. Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli The bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs. Bronchial tubes also branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles.

9. Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli Alveoli are grape-like structures at the end of bronchioles. The bronchioles and the alveoli together make up the lungs. The alveoli increase the surface of the lungs for greater exchange of gases to collect more oxygen. It also protects the lungs from bacteria and other harmful microorganisms.

10. Lungs The lungs are in the chest cavity surrounded by the rib cage. The lungs are the main organ of the respiratory system. This is where exchange of gases occurs. This is the site where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled out. Each lung is covered with pleural membrane. This membrane produces slippery fluid that allows the lungs to glide freely during breathing.

11. Diaphragm The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that controls breathing, which is located at the bottom of the lungs. During respiration, the diaphragm flattens out and pulls forward, making more space for the lungs. When we inhale or breathe in, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. This movement increases the space in the lungs, which pulls air into it. When we exhale or breathe out, the diaphragm expands.

12. Pathway of the Air

13. Pathway of the Air Nose/Nostrils Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs Air enters to the Air gets moistened, filtered, and warmed Lungs contains millions of alveoli. Oxygen and carbon dioxide occur in alveoli of the lungs. Contains alveoli in which exchange of gases occurs. Pharynx Larynx Bronchi Bronchi

14. ACTIVITY 1 Direction: Identify what is being describe in the following statements. Write your answer on a ¼ sheet of paper. They are the openings into the nasal passages that are lined with hairs It filters the dust and other particles present in the air. It is called the throat. It contains two vocal cords that vibrate when air passes by them It is known as the windpipe.

15. ACTIVITY 1 6. These are two tubes that carry air into the lungs 7. These are smaller tubes of bronchi 8. They are grape-like structures at the end of bronchioles 9. They are located in the chest cavity surrounded by the rib cage. 10. A domed- shaped muscle that controls breathing which is located at the bottom of the lungs.

16. ACTIVITY 2 Complete the paragraph by writing the word on the blank that completes the sentence. When air enters our nose, it passes through the (1)_________________.It passes to the pharynx and then to the (2)_________________ Then the air continues to pass through the (3)___________________down to the lungs. The (4) __________ contain millions of alveoli. It is also the sites of the (5) ______ exchange between air and blood.