RESPONDING TO SYMPTOMS OF MINOR AILMENTS.pptx

Presentation on Responding to the symptoms of minor Ailments

1. RESPONDING TO SYMPTOMS OF MINOR AILMENTS

2. INTRODUCTION Minor Ailments: It can be defined as medical condition that can be self-diagnosed, resolve on their own, and be self-managed with over-the-counter (OTC) medication.

3. HEADACHE Headache is the most common disorder of the nervous system. The most common types of headache are: Tension headache, Cluster Headache Migraine Sinusitis.

4. Location of pain in headache

5. MANAGEMENT Non-Pharmacological Take adequate rest Sleep for 8 hours at least Apply ice packs Massage Identify and avoid triggers of headache

6. MANAGEMENT Drugs used in Headache Paracetamol Ibuprofen Aspirin Caffeine

7. WHEN TO REFER Headache associated with injury/trauma. Severe headache of more than 4 hrs duration. Suspected adverse drug reaction. Associated drowsiness, unsteadiness, visual disturbances or vomiting. Frequent migraines requiring treatment. Frequent and persistent headaches. Cluster headache symptoms.

8. FEVER Fever is simply a rise in body temperature above normal. Normal body temperature is 37˚C , plus or minus 1˚ C, although rectal temperature is about 0.5 higher and underarm the temperature is about 0.5 lower than oral temperature. Fever is often classified as being either mild low-grade up to 39°C or high above 39°C

9. MEASUREMENT OF THE BODY TEMP. Oral, rectal and axillary temperature may be taken with an electronic thermometer with a digital probe.

10. MANAGEMENT Non-Pharmacological Regardless of the temperature, include wearing lightweight clothing, removing blankets, maintaining a comfortable room temperature of approximately (20°C). Drinking sufficient fluid. If the fever is high, apply cold compresses on the forehead.

11. MANAGEMENT Pharmacological Ibuprofen Paracetamol Aspirin

12. WHEN TO REFER Any feverish child under 3 months old. Fever of 5 days or longer.

13. MENSTRUAL PAINS Dysmenorrhea is the term used to describe painful periods. Dysmenorrhea is cyclic, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, which may also radiate to the back and thighs, occurring before or during menstruation.

14. SYMPTOMS OF MENSTRUAL PAINS Cramping in Pelvic area Pain in Stomach, lower back and legs Gripping pain A constant ache. Other Symptoms include: Headaches Feeling sick Digestive problems Pain for the first 2-3 days of your period.

15. MANAGEMENT Non-Pharmacological Symptomatic treatment with a warm bath or locally applied heat (such as hot water bottle) may provide relief. Exercise decreases the severity of menstrual cramps through generation of endorphins, ‘the body’s own painkillers’.

16. MANAGEMENT Pharmacologica l Ibuprofen Naproxen Aspirin Paracetamol

17. WHEN TO REFER Heavy or unexplained bleeding. Pain experienced days before menses. Women over the age of 30 with new or worsening symptoms. Accompanying systemic symptoms, such as fever Vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women. Presence of abnormal vaginal discharge.

18. ROLE OF COMMUNITY PHARMACY (CP) Assessment and advice. Education and Information. To facilitate self-management for minor ailments and provide access to OTC for self-medication. Identification of Red Flags. Health Promotion.

19. REFERENCES Alison Blenkinsopp, Paul Paxton and John Blenkinsopp. Community Pharmacy Book., A Guide to the Management of Minor Ailments. 7 th edition. 2018. Mei Mei Tew , Ernieda Hatah , Maisarah Zakaria , Mohd Makmor Bakry ,. Publics Knowledge, Perception and Practice on Management of Minor Ailment in community Pharmacy in Malaysia. Patient Preference and Adherence 2023:17 1513-1523., 2023.