Review of dairy breeds of cattle in Africa.ppt

looks at dairy cattle as a whole

1. Review of dairy breeds
by
Dr. Kenneth Lapenga (PhD)

2. Dairy breeds
•Typical dairy breeds are of temperate origin.
•Include the following:-
1. The Friesean (Holstein)
•Originated from Northern Holland
• Largest of the dairy breeds of cattle, weighing
about 700 kg while bull weighs about 1,000kg.
• Color is black and white about 50% each.
• White switch
• Most common dairy breed in Uganda

3. Frisean cont…..
•Produces the greatest amount of milk
about 7,000kg in 305 days lactation.
•With average butter fat of 3.5%.
•The milk appears watery and white due to
low butter fat content.

4. Frisean cow

5. Dairy breeds cont…
•2. The Jersey
•Originated from Island of Jersey in English
Channel.
•Smallest dairy breeds, cow weighing 400-
500kg, and bull weighing 600-900kg.
•Color coat is yellowish brown to fawn grey.
•Has extended long neck with prominent
protruding eyes.
•Has dished face with a black switch.

6. Jersey cont…
•Milk production about 6,000kg in 305 day
lactation.
•Has highest butter fat of 5.3% making milk
appear creamy and thick.

7. Jersey cow

8. Dairy breeds cont….
•3. The Guernsey
•Originated from Island of Guernsey in
English Channel.
•Color coat is yellowish red with shield-like
white patches on body.
•Has creamy muzzles and eyelids.
•Has white switch
•Mature cow weighs 550kg, bull is 600-
1000kg

9. Guernsey cont…
•Produces about 6,000kg in 305 day
lactation period.
•Has butter fat content of 4.9%.

10. Guernsey cow

11. Dairy breeds cont…
•4. The Ayrshire
•Color coat may be red, mahogany or
brown with interspersed defined areas of
white.
•Eyelids and muzzles all black.
•Mature cow weighs 600-750kg, bull
weighs 900kg.

12. Ayrshire cont…
•Produces about 6,000kg-7500kg milk in
305 day lactation period.
•Has butter fat of 4.5%.

13. Image of Ayrshire

14. Dairy breeds cont…
•5. Brown Swiss
•Originated from switzerland.
•Color coat is shade brown to dark brown.
•Hoofs often black.
•Mature cow weighs 750kg and bull weighs
900-1,300kg.

15. Brown Swiss cont…
•Milk production is 5,000kg in 305 day
lactation period.
•Average butter fat is 4.0%.

16. Image of Brown Swiss

17. Tropical Dairy breeds
•6. Jamaica Hope
•Breed developed in Jamaica in 1910 (with 75%
Jersey, 20% Saihwal and 5% Criollo cattle).
•Resembles the Jersey, but larger.
•Has no definite color but varies from fawn,
brown, grey to black.
•Produces about 9,000kg milk in 305 day
lactation period.
•Butter fat content of 5.0%.

18. Image of Jamica Hope

19. Tropical dairy breeds cont..
•7. Australian Milking Zebu.
•Developed in Australia from a cross
between Sahiwal and Red Sindhi cattle
and Australian Jerseys.
•Females resemble Jerseys but larger.
•Color coat is golden to reddish brown.
•Produces about 5,000kg milk per lactation.
•Butter fat content of 4.8%

20. Australian Milking Zebu

21. Dairy goats
•Known breeds are
•A) Toggenburg
•Color coat is brown to fawn with white stripes
running along both sides.
•Two hanging wattles hang on the cheeks
•Produce milk in about 180 days lactation
•B) Anglo Nubian
•Largest of dairy goats
•Color coat is brown to black

22. Anglo Nubian cont…
•Has two large pendulous ears hanging.
•Long legged goats
•Produces adequate milk.
•C) Alpine goat
•D) Sannen goat

23. Dairy breeds of buffalos
•Milk breeds come from river buffalo group.
•Found mainly in India, Pakistan, Egypt and
Iraq.
•Breeds are:-
•A) Murrah breed
•Breed originate in India.
•Body is massive with well developed
udder.

24. Buffalo breeds cont..
•Color coat is black with markings on tail,
face and extremities.
•B) Surti
•Originated from India.
•Head is long and broad, with long tail ends
in a white turft.
•Color black or brown, with two white
collars, one around jaw, other in brisket.

25. Buffalo breeds cont…
•C) Jaffarabadi breed.
•Originated in India
•Color coat is black.
•Long body but not compact.
•Horns heavy inclined to drop on each side
of neck.

26. Buffalo breeds cont…
•D) Nili-Ravi breed
•Originated in India and Pakistan
•Color coat is black, with thin neck in
female.
•Udder is well developed.

27. Milk production by buffalo
•Dairy breeds yield best milk in India,
Pakistan, Egypt and Iraq.
•Average production is 3,630 kg per 200
days lactation period.
•Milk is richer than cow milk.
•Average butter fat is 7%.
•Milk used for dairy products like yoghurt,
ice-creams, sweets, cheese and butter.

28. Attributes of dairy breeds
•Specifically selected and bred for milk
production.
•Have characteristics features of well developed
mammary glands and long shaped bodies.
•Have good mothering abilities, associated with
high milk production.
•But lost resistance to diseases
•Require better husbandry and nutrition on both
pastures and supplementary feeds.

29. Significance of dairy breeds
•Dairy breeds are important for production of
milk, producing large amount of milk.
•Milk is a useful nutrient for human beings
especially for infants.
•Milk contains proteins necessary for growth and
development for children.
•Milk produces products, ie. butter, cheese,
yoghort, ice cream, casein,whey, milk powder.
•This helps in the establishment of processing
industry of the above thus providing employment
and incomes.

30. Significance of dairy breeds cont..
• Dairy breeds are a source of income for
farmers.
•The breeds help in the proper utilization of
pasture converting forage into food for
human consumption.