Rhubarb

Rhubarb is a general term used for the cultivated plants in the genus Rheum in the family Polygonaceae. It is a herbaceous perennial growing from short, thick rhizomes. Historically, different plants have been called "rhubarb" in English.

1. RHUBARB Harsh Kumar Baranwal

2. Rhubarb root has been used for medical purposes by the chinese for thousand of years. Rhubarb plays an important role in chinese therapy . Approximately 60 species of rehum have been found of which 40 are chinese . I NTRODUCTION

3. Kingdom :- Plantae . Order :- Caryophyllales . Genus :- Rheum . Species :- R. rhabarbarum . SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

4. Rehum . Garden rhubarb . Chinese rhubarb etc. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE Dried underground parts (rhizome and root ) of Rehum Officinale and Rehum Palmatum or hybrid of both are used for medicinal purposes . FAMILY Polygonaceae SYNONYMS

5. Rehum officinale or rehum palmatum are grown in CHINA. Whereas the other species rehum emodi or rehum webbianum are native to INDIA , Pakistan or Nepal . It is also cultivated in green houses in UK, Ireland , Russia etc. HABITAT

6. C0L0UR :- Yellow. ODOUR :- Characterstics . TASTE :- Bitter. SHAPE :- Longitudnal and Cylindrical . SIZE :- 7 to 10 cm . DESCRIPTION

7. Calcium oxalate crystals are found in the leaf blades . Starch grains are also present . The anthraquinones derivatives present in medullary ray cells with treated with ammonia turn reddish pink . MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERS

8. MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERS

9. ROOTS :- cylinderical and longitudnal . FLOWERS :- rose red infloroscenses . PETIOLES :- red in color . LEAVES :- posionous . PARTS

10. Anthraquinone glycosides to be first isolated and to be found in nearly all species . Emodin . Aloe – amodin . Chrysophamol . Rhenin . Physcion . CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

11. Rhubarb shows red color with the addition of alkalies due to the presence of anthraquinone glycosides . Rhubarb powder + 10 ml ferric chloride solution + 5 ml HCL is heated on a water bath for 10 minutes . It is then filtered and extracted with 10 ml CCl 4 . the extracted organic layer separated and mixed with 5ml H 2 O and treated with 5 ml dil. NH 3 solution . ROSE PINK TO CHERRY RED COLOR IS OBTAINED . CHEMICAL TESTS

12. In temperature climates , rhubarb is harvested in late springs and the season for field grown plants until september . COLLECTION The drugs is mostly obtained from wild rhubarbs . High altitude is a requisite for growth of rhubarb . (more than 3000 meters ) In India , it is collected from Kashmir , kulu and manali regions CULTIVATION

13. RHAPTONIC RHUBARB is one type of rhubarb which does not contain anthraquinone derivatives . USES OF RHAPONTICIN :- Antithrombotic . Antiallergic . Antidiabetic . ADULTRANTS

14. Used primarily digestive complaints . Used as cathartic and stomachic . Also help in diarrhea . Antifungal . Antibacterial . Treats neonatal jaundice . IN FOOD Rhubarb is also used as flavoring agent . USES

15. PREPARATIONS

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