Rice crop

Improved Peckages of Practices of Rice CROP

1. SEMINAR ON- IMPROVED PECKAGES OF
PRACTICES OF RICE CROPS
PRESENTED BY – ROSHAN YADAV
STUDENT OF- SCHOOL OF
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2
ND
YEAR 3
RD

SEMESTER
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2. Introduction :
India is an agricultural country. Most of her people are
farmers. They produce 3 classes of crops such as Food
crops, Commercial crops & Oil seeds. The main food
crops of India are Rice, Barely, Wheat & Maize etc.
Rice is the staple food of many of the
Indians. There are 75 percent of people used its grain as
food. India is the 2
nd
largest producer of Rice in the
world. The crop is cultivated almost in all the states of
the country like Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh, Tamilnadu, West Bengal, Bihar & Uttar
Pradesh are the major rice growing states. Its botanical
name is Oryza sativa(Asian rice), Oryza
glaberrima (African rice).
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3. Rice cultivation is a torrid zone plant. Rice
requires an extremely moist soil, either rain fed
or artificially flooded. Rice is water loving
plant which is grown in North-Eastern states
all round the year if water is available either
through rain or irrigation. Rice needs relatively
high temperature ranging between 25
.
to 35
.
c,
for optimum growth & development of plants.
Depending upon the temperature requirement
Rice crop is grown during kharif.

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4. Rice is grown on all
sorts of heavy soil
types like clay, loam
of alluvium nature.
Rice requires an
extremely moist soil,
either rain fed or
artificially flooded.
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5. Cultivation of Rice
completely depends on
the availability of water.
Depending on the
amount of rainfall &
irrigation facilities,
various methods are
adopted. Broadcasting &
Transplantation are the
two common methods in
practice.
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6. It is dry or semi
dry cultivation.
The soil is
ploughed 10 to
20 cms deep
while it is still
dry or partly
moist.
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7. Sowing of seeds is done during June to July, immediately
followed by another ploughing. Germination of seeds occurs
after getting sufficient moisture. When the seeding are 20 to 25
cm high and sufficient water is available in the filed a light
ploughing is done. This treatment is called “Beushana”. After
this plants are allowed to grow in sufficient water stored in the
filed. In case of short duration varieties the second operation
(Beushana) is avoided as they come to flower stage after 60 to
70 days.
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8. This method is essentially used in
the areas where rainfall is much.
Seed beds are raised during June,
When the soil is dry. Seeds are
sown on moisture beds for raising
the seedlings. When the seedlings
are 21 to 30 days old they are
transplanted in puddle fields. To
get better results, various qualities
of fertilizers are applied both in
seed bed and field. Water is
essential in rice field throughout
its entire period of growth. It is
also necessary that the field is
allowed to dry up just before the
harvesting.
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9. The crop is harvested by cutting the plants
with a sickle. After drying of harvested crop,
threshing is done either by hands or by
using thresher. The grains are collected after
removal of chaps (grain less paddy) by
throwing in the air.
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10. It is the agricultural commodity with the third-
highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5
million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9
billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).
Nearly 640 million tons of rice are grown
in Asia, representing 90% of global production.
The India's rice production is approximately
more than 100 million tonnes.
China is the country with the highest rice
production
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11. Rice is used as 65% of food in India.
The Rajasthan’s rice production is
approximately 2500 tonnes.
Yield of rice is approximately 2400
(kg/hectare) .
Ideal ratio of N:P:K for rice cultivation- 4:2:1
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12. Requirement of water for 1 Kg rice production
A.For low land cultivation-4500
B.For low upland cultivation -3500
C.For aerobic land cultivation-3000
Rice is a self-pollinating plant.
Rice is a monocot Crop.
Is normally grown as an annual plant.
 It can survive as a perennial.
Rice is a  ratoon crop.
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