road drainage

describe in road drainage

1.   GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, AJMER DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING SESSION:   2021-2022 ROAD DRAINGE Submitted By:- Third Year Civil Submitted To:- Durgesh Kumar Sahu Engineering Dr. Sunil Kumar Jain . Lovenish sankhla H.O.D (Civil Engineering Department)

2. Contents:- Materials About this site project Steps for starting drainage construction Purpose of road drainage Drainage Plane cement concrete Reinforcement for raft drain Pouring concrete for concrete pcc drain Concreating for raft drain Shuttering for wall drain Concreting for wall drain Honeycomb Opened shuttering looks drain walls Shuttering and reinforcement for drain slab Drain slab surface We have used these machines on this site Safety requirement conclusion

3. Drainage Drainage means the removal of excess water from a given places drainage 1.SURFACE DRAINAGE: 2.SUB-SURFACE DRAINAGE: A system in which road surface water is when the drain system drains water from the pavement collected and disposed within the under which is collected and removed , It is called sub roadway, it is called surface drainage. Surface drainage.

4. About this site project Site loc:- panchsheel road near (AVVNL to Reliance market) Measurement of Drain :- Drain depth:-1000mm Drain slab length:-1000 mm Slab thickness:- 100mm Distances:- 1000m Reinforcement=fe 500(10mm)

5. Cement Mixture of calcium silicates and aluminum silicates and aluminum ferrite It is give good compressive strength It have good setting time It is hygroscopic material We use as binding material

6. Sand Sand is a  mixture of small grains of rock and granular materials  which is mainly defined by size, being finer than gravel and coarser than silt. And ranging in size from 0.06 mm to 2 mm. Sand is made by erosion or broken pebbles and weathering of rocks, which is carried by seas or rivers.

7. Aggregates Aggregates are coarse particulate rock-like material consisting of particles ranging in size from <0.1 mm to >50mm. It includes gravel, crushed rock, sand, recycled concrete, slag and synthetic aggregates. Aggregate are insert materials which are mixed with binding material such as cement or lime for manufacturing of mortar or concrete. Aggregates are used as filler in mortar and concrete and also to reduce their cost.

8. Reinforcement Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used modern building materials. Concrete is an ”artificial stone” It obtained by mixing cement, sand . And aggregate with water. Fresh concrete can be moulded into almost any shape, giving it an advantage over other materials. Steel reinforcement is available in the form of plain steel bars, cold- drawn wire, welded wire þ500

9. Steps for starting drainage construction Land Acquisition Land Clearance Excavation & Compaction Leveling Demarcation plan Layout , Shuttering

10. Purpose of road drainage Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub- surface water from an area with excess of water provision of an acceptable level of flood immunity and accessibility impact of flooding of public and private property It maintain the stability and durability of the road.

11. Plane cement concrete Pcc :- he term PCC refers to  Plain Cement Concrete . PCC is the mixture of cement, fine aggregate (sand), and coarse aggregate without reinforcement. PCC Concrete is spread on the soil surface before concreting maid structure to avoid direct contact of reinforcement of concrete with soil and water.

12. Reinforcement for raft drain Most concrete used for construction is a combination of concrete and reinforcement that is called reinforced concrete. The purpose of reinforcement is to provide additional strength for concrete where it is needed. The steel provides all the tensile strength where concrete is in tension, as in beams and slabs; it supplements the compressive strength of concrete in columns and walls; and it provides extra shear strength over and above that of concrete in beams.

13. Pouring concrete for concrete pcc drain In a concrete mixer, add the determined amount of water and then the concrete mix. You can also mix this in a wheelbarrow with a shovel. Use as little water as possible. Water makes the concrete more maneuverable but it also weakens the constitution of the final product. A drier mix makes the concrete more crack resistant. In this we use mixer of m10(ratio:-1:3:6)

14. Concreating for raft drain Raft drain  is actually a thick concrete slab resting on a large area of soil reinforced with steel, supporting columns or walls and transfer loads from the structure to the soil. Usually, mat foundation is spread over the entire area of the structure it is supporting. In this we use mixer of m15(ratio:-1:2:4)

15. Shuttering for wall drain Shuttering  is used as a  temporary mould into which concrete is poured to obtain the desired structural shape on the construction site. Traditional  shuttering  is fabricated using  timber ,  but it can also be constructed from st eel, glass fibre  reinforced  plastics , and other materials In this shuttering we have used 100mm of thickness.

16. Concreting for wall drain In this site we have use concrete m25 mix(ratio:-1:1:2)

17. Honeycomb Honeycombs are  hollow spaces and cavities left in concrete mass on the surface  or inside the mass where concrete could not reach.  These look like honey bees nest.  Improper vibration and workability of concrete are main causes of honeycombs in concrete.

18. Opened shuttering looks drain walls

19. Shuttering and reinforcement for drain slab In this site we have used iron rod dia 10 mm. In this site iron rod space 100mm.

20. Drain slab surface

21. We have used these machines on this site Needle vibrator B atching plant JCB Mechanical pump

22. Safety requirement Need to wear helmet all the time. Proper fencing is done. First aid kit is available alone with safety engineers.

23. Conclusion G ained basic knowledge in the field of construction. L earnt wise use of available resources. T raining has revamped my confidence.

24. Thank you……