Role of an individual in prevention of pollution

THIS PPT ENABLES YOU TO UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL IN PREVENTION OF POLLUTION TO MAKE THE GLOBE TO BE A POLLUTION FREE PLANET.

1. Role of an
Individual in
Prevention
of Pollution
PRESENTED
BY:
S.MALAIAPPAN SRIKANTH
TO MAKE A HEALTHY NATION , WE MUST HAVE A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT & LIFE STYLE

2. Where this could Leadto?Where this could Leadto?
Is there any
Hope???

3. As we say:
If there is a problem , there is asolution
Similarly,
For pollution
,
there are
solutions

4. So, there isHope
But the race is againsttime!!
So, there isHope
But the race is againsttime!!

5. How can we win tHis
Race?
How can we win tHis
Race?
•We know that
“Prevention is better thanCure”
•Thus, to win this race, each of us have to play our roles
in preventing
pollution
"If we heal the earth, we healourselves."

6. PoLLUtion is tHe……
•Itis the introduction of contaminants/harmful substances into the
natural environmentthat cause serious drasticchanges at the
global level.
•It is the HUMANS(us) who are the root cause for this harmful
substances to enter into our(their own) environment due to
ignorance.
•let’s see what are the measures to be taken to get rid of this
poisonous environment which is created by our own, where each
and every individual who born in this mother earth are
responsible
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Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

7. BEFORE , ENTERING INTO THE
PREVENTIVE MEASURES WE
MUST HAVE A CLEAR IDEA ON
ABOUT, HOW COULD WE SOLVE
THESE ISSUES THAT IS
PREVAILING IN THE
ENVIRONMENT & ON WHAT
BASIS WE MUST PLAN TO DO.
SO, FOR THAT WE MUST HAVE
TO UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS
EXISITING ON POLLUTION AND
IT’S TYPES . LET SEE WHAT IT IS..
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Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

8. TYPES OF POLLUTION
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WATERPOLLUTION
NOISEPOLLUTION
MARINEPOLLUTION
AIRPOLLUTION
THERMAL POLLUTION
NUCLEARPOLLUTION
SOILPOLLUTION
Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

9. WATER
POLLUTION
A chronic pollution

10. What is
WATER
POLLUTION ?
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or
microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of
water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the
environment.
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Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

11. PREVENTIONOFWATER POLLUTION :
•Judicious use of agrochemicals like pesticides and fertilizers
which will reduce their surface run-off and leaching.
•Use of nitrogen fixing plants to supplement the use of fertilizers.
•Adopting integrated pest management to reduce reliance on
Pesticides and Insecticides.
•Prevent the mixing of industrial waste water into lakes or ponds
near to it ,to avoid suffocation of Marine bodies.
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•Prevent run-off of manure. Divert such run-off to basin for
settlement.The nutrient rich water can(be used as fertilizer in the
fields.
•Separate drainage of sewage and rain water should be provided to
preventoverflow of sewage withrainwater.
•Afforestation would reduce pollution by sediments and will also
preventsoil erosion.

13. POLLUTION
A PSYCHOLOGICALLY AFFECTING POLLUTION
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14. What is
NOISE
POLLUTION ?
The unpleasant and unwanted sound is called noise, And
the pollution caused by them is called noise pollution.

15. Noise standards recommended by CPCBcommittee
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Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

16. CONTROL OF NOISEPOLLUTION:
1.
Reduction in sources of noise:
Sources of noise pollution likeheavy
vehicles and old vehicles may not be allowed to ply in the populatedareas.
2.
Noise making machines should be kept in containers with sound
absorbing media. The noise path will be in interrupted and will not reach
theworkers.
3.
Proper oiling will reduce the noise from themachinery.
4.
Planting more trees having broadleaves.
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17. •Use of sound absorbing silencers:
Silencers can reduce noisefor absorbing sound. For this purpose
various types of fibrous material could beused
•Through Law:
Legislation can ensure that sound production is minimized at
various social functions. Unnecessary horn blowing shouldbe
restricted especially in vehicle-congestedareas.
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18. MARINE
POLUTION
A KILLING POLLUTION
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19. What is
MARINE
POLLUTION ?
Pollution of oceans caused by sewage sludge,industrial
effluents,detergents,agrochemicals,solidwastes,plastics,metals
and waste heat is called marine pollution.
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Role of an Individual in Prevention of Pollution

20. CONTROL OF MARINEPOLLUTION:
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(i)Toxic pollutants from industries and sewage treatment
plants should notbedischarged in coastalwaters.
(ii)Run off from non-point sources should be prevented
to reach coastalareas.
(iii)Sewer overflows should be prevented by having
separate sewer andrain waterpipes.
(iv)Dumping of toxic, hazardous wastes and sewage
sludge should bebanned
.

21. v) Developmental activities for humans purpose on
coastal areas should beminimized.
(vi) Oil and grease from service stations should be
processed forreuse.
(vii) Oil ballast should not be dumped intosea.
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22. POLLUTION
A HAZARDOUS AND DEADLY POLLUTION
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23. What is NUCLEAR
POLLUTION?
Radioactive substances are present in nature. They undergo natural
radioactive decay in which unstable isotopes spontaneously give out
fastmoving particles, high energy radiations or both,and the
pollution cause due to them is called nuclearpollution.

24. Control of NuclearPollution:
(i)Siting of nuclear power plants should be carefully done after studyinglong
term and short termeffects.
(ii)Proper disposal of wastes from laboratory involving the use ofradioisotopes
should bedone.
(iii)Containment of the waste in radiation-shielded containers usuallyburied
underground
(iv)Isolation of radiation waste in remote locations such as remote cavesor
abandonedmines

25. POLLUTION
A POISONOUS POLLUTION
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26. Air pollution occurs due to the presence of undesirable solid orgaseous
particles in the air in quantities that are harmful to human health and the
environment
.
What is
AIR
POLLUTION ?

27. Air pollution can be minimized by the followingmethods:
i)One of the effective means of controlling air pollution is to have proper
equipment in place. This includes devices for removal of pollutants from the flue
gases though scrubbers, closed collection ,recovery systems through which it is
possible to collect the pollutants before they escape,use of dry and wetcollectors,
filters, electrostatic precipitators, etc.Providing a greater height to the stacks can
help in facilitating the discharge of pollutants as far away from the ground as
possible.
ii)Industries should be located in places so as to minimize the effects ofpollution
after considering the topography and the wind directions. Substitution of raw
material that causes more pollution with those that cause less pollution can be
done.

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iii)Removing sulphurfrom coal (by washing or with the help ofbacteria).
iv)Removing NOxduring the combustionprocess.
v)Removing particulate from stack exhaust gases by employingelectrostatic
precipitators, bag-house filters, cyclone separators,scrubbersetc.
vi)Vehicular pollution can be checked by regular tune-up of engines ; replacement
of more polluting old vehicles; installing catalytic converters ;by engine
modification to have fuel efficient (lean) mixtures to reduce CO and hydrocarbon
emissions; and slow and cooler burning of fuels to reduce NOxemission (Honda
Technology).
vii)Using mass transport system, bicyclesetc.
viii)Shifting to less polluting fuels (hydrogengas).

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30. WHAT IS
SOIL
POLLUTION?
Soil pollution refers to anything that causes contamination of soil and
degrades the soil quality. It occurs when the pollutants causing the pollution
reducethe quality of the soil and convert the soil inhabitable for
microorganisms and macro organisms living in thesoil.

31. Control of SoilPollution
(i)Effluents should be properly treated before discharging them on
thesoil.
(ii)Solid wastes should be properly collected and disposed off by
appropriate method.
(iii)From the wastes, recovery of useful products should bedone.
(iv)Biodegradable organic waste should be used for generation of
biogas.

32. (v)Cattle dung should be used for methane generation. Night soil
(humanfaeces)can also be used in the biogas plant to produce in-
flammable methanegas.
(vi)Microbial degradation of biodegradable substances is also one of
thescientific approaches for reducing soilpollution.
(vii)Proper farming methods
:
Finding alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides is an ideal
way to avoid soil erosion. Rotational and mixed farmingare also
encouraged.

33. POLLUTION
A HEATING POLLUTION
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34. Thermal pollution can be defined as presence of waste heat inthe
water which can cause undesirable changes in the natural
environment.
WHAT IS
THERMAL
POLLUTION ?

35. CONTROL OF THERMALPOLLUTION
The following methods can be employed for control of thermalpollution
(i) Cooling ponds
(ii) Spray Ponds,
(iii) Coolingtowers
(i) Cooling Ponds: Water from condensers is
stored in ponds where natural evaporation
cools the water which can then be
recirculated or discharged in nearby water
body.

36. (ii)
Spray Ponds:
The water from condensers
is received in spray ponds.
Here the water is sprayed
through nozzles where fine
droplets are formed. Heat
from these fine droplets is
dissipated to the
atmosphere.

37. (
iii)
CoolingTowers:
(a)
Wet cooling tower:
Hot water is sprayed over baffles. Cool
air entering from sides takes away the
heat and cools the water.This cool water
can be recycled or discharged. Large
amount of water is lost through
evaporation and in the vicinity of wet
cooling tower extensive fog is formed
which isnot good for environment and
causes damage tovegetation.

38. (
b)
Dry cooling tower:
The heated water flows in a system
of pipes. Air is passed over these hot
pipes with fans. There is nowater
loss in this method but installation
and operation cost of dry cooling
tower is many times higher than
wet coolingtower.

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RoleofanIndividualinthePreventionofPollution
AdministrativedirectorofUNEP,M.Kolba(1992)suggestedthatcareand
shareisthesimpleandbestmethodtocontrolpollution.
Thisisbeingfollowedinadvancedcountriesbutindevelopingcountries,peoplehave
begantounderstandwhatcareisbuttheydonotfollowtoshare.
Themaincausesofpollutionindevelopingcountries
i.Increasingpopulation
ii.Illiteracyandpoverty
iii.Rapidindustrialization
iv.Failureinpollutionmanagement
Individuallymancanparticipateinsolvingtheproblemofpollutionmainlyintwo
ways:
1.Directrole
2.Indirectrole

40. MANDATORY REMINDER FROMCNN
•NASA reports that by the next 10 months, earth gets hotter by 4 degrees
from now. Himalayan glaciers are melting at rapid rate. Our climate is
changing drastically & it's getting worst. We must help fight Global
Warming by doing the followingsteps:
•1) Plant moretrees
•2) Don't wastewater
•3) Use cloth bag and don't burnplastic

41. Consider these . ..
•Breathing is life. We know that we will survive without food for several weeks and
without water for few days, but without oxygen, we will die in a matter of minutes.
The oxygen, the air we breathe sustains us. So, let us make today and everyday
a good day for everyone. Allow the earth to have more clean air. Help control
pollution.

42. •“One person alone cannot save the planet’s biodiversity, but
each individual’s effort to encourage nature’s wealth must not be
underestimated.”-United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP)

43. DirectRoleofanIndividual:
DirectRoleofanIndividualinvolvesthosefunctionswhich
aredonebyindividualhimself.Sincenaturecannotsolvethe
problemofpollutiononitsownbasis,
itisthedutyofmantofindmeanstosolvethisproblem.
Sincethecauseofpollutionismainlyhumanbeings,onlythey
canminimizeitbypreventingitsincreaseandspread.Onecan
remembertheoldsayingthatpreventionisbetterthancure.A
manshouldregulateandreducethecausesofpollutionatevery
step.SomesimpleprinciplestoreduceTHEPOLLUTION

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Mancanparticipateinvariousactivitiesforsolvingtheproblemofpollution.
1.Oneshouldsupportexpansionofenvironmentaleducationbyparticipating
orsupportingthesystem.
2.Oneshouldmakeeffortstodevelopawarenessofenvironmentalpollutionby:
-Publishinginformationonpollution
-Organizingvariousexhibitionsorcompetitions
-Sponsoringenvironmentrelatedadvertisement
3.OneshouldmakeNonGovernmentalOrganizationsorencourageandhelpin
developingNGOforsocialservicesagainstenvironmentalpollution.
4.Oneshouldcelebrateenvironmentaldatesasfestivalsofsocietyanddevelopthem
asnon-casteandnon-religiousoccasionsforall.
5.OneshouldorganizespecialprogrammesandralliesonTreePlantationDay(7July)
&WorldEnvironmentalDayandraisetheslogansinthesociety.
6.OneshouldencouragetofollowEnvironmentalLawsbymakingthempopularand
helppeopletorespect
.

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