Role of Quaid-e-Azam and Allama Iqbal in Formation.pptx

Role Of Quaid e azam Allama Iqbal in making of Pakistan

1. Role of Quaid-e-Azam and Allama Iqbal in Formation of Pakistan

2. Background The Muslims ruled Indian Sub-Continent for centuries; but eventually they were deposed by British traders and invaders. The Battle of 1857 was the turning point of their fortune as it was the culmination of their struggle for the retention of their socio-political control over the subcontinent. Their defeat in this war, however, sealed their fate for nearly a century. In August 1947 they were able to reclaim and regain their independence from British Imperialism.

3. Iqbal, A visionary Iqbal was lucky that he got Religious atmosphere at home. His father and mother were practicing Muslims. They have employed an eminent scholar Maulana Mir Hassan to teach Iqbal basics of Islam. He left lasting impressions on young Iqbal which later on proved decisive in shaping the entire personality of this poet philosopher. After completing his early education he started participating in social and literary activities.

4. First Phase of Iqbal life Initially he was an ordinary intellectual who was under the influence of prevailing environment. From 1899 to 1905 he proved to be a proponent of Indian Nationalism. During these years his poem Taranae -Hindi (the Indian anthem) became very famous wherein he says: Our Hindustan is better than the entire world. It is our garden and we are its nightingales.

5. Evolution of Iqbal’s thought-Second phase of his life Iqbal went to Europe to pursue higher education and stayed there from 1905 to 1908. He directly observed/experienced the Western Civilization and declared that: He admits that due to the challenge of Western culture he came to know the reality of his own Faith. When he returned from Western world he was a changed person all to gather.

6. Reawakening of Muslims through poetry-Third Phase of life- Iqbal returned from Europe with renewed ideas and changed perceptions. Next 20 years he totally devoted himself to the cause of Islam as he understood the true message of Qur’an. He became an exponent of Quranic Message. He very confidently states that he uses poetry as a tool and does not say any thing which contradicts the Holy Qur’an. In the next poem entitled “Territorial Nationalism” Iqbal rejects the prevalent concept of territorial nationalism. He considers this concept as a modern form of idolatry and hence incompatible with Islam .

7. Iqbal and separate homeland for Muslims Iqbal rejected the political creed of territorial nationalism by citing examples from the teachings and the practice of the Holy Prophet in his Persian poetry. he wanted Muslims of India to follow the life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He rejected the Western concept of a composite Indian nationalism in an unapologetic manner in his historic presidential address, at Allahabad(1930).

8. Role of Alama Iqbal Iqbal's Idea about Nationhood Allama Iqbal was the greatest philospher and poet of the present era. Alongwith this, he possessed a view about political affairs. He awakened the feeling of Muslim Nationhood among the Muslims of India through his poetry and told them about the propaganda of West about Muslims. When the Hindu philosphers presented this philosphy that a nation is born throughout the country, Iqbal reacted strongly towards it. His thinking and poetry reflect the Two Nation Theory and his poetry awakened the feeling of Islamic nationality among the Muslims of India. This sense of a single unity was a major factor in the creation of Pakistan.

9. Iqbal's Political Life Allama Iqbal joined politics when he was elected as the member of Punjab's Legislative Assembly in 1926. During the elections of 1937, when Quaid-e- Azam started the reconstruction of the Muslim Leaague , Allama Iqbal stood besides him. He not only supported Quaid-e- Azam and the Muslim League wholeheartedly, but he also respected Quaid-e- Azam's point of view.

10. Iqbal and Two Nation Theory Allama Iqbal firmly believed that the Muslims of India have a separate identity and to protect this identity, the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of India was necessary. On 28th March 1909, he rejected the invitation from the secular party " Minswa Lodge". At the annual session of Muslim League in Allahbad (1930), Iqbal said, "India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, speaking different languages and professing different religions. Their behavior is not at all determined by a common race consciousness. I therefore, demand the formation of a consolidated Muslim state in the best interest of India and Islam."

11. Pakistan's Sketch In his address at Allahabad, he said in clear words, "I would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sindh and Baluchistan been combined into a single state". "The formation of a consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State appears to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of the north west India." Thus, Iqbal demanded a sovereign independent Muslim state even before the Muslim League demanded it in Pakistan's Resolution. Initially he supported the theory that religious differences in this country should end. But, later he started to believe that separate national identity for the Muslims and the Hindus is necessary for their survival."

12. Ideology of Pakistan and Iqbal Iqbal was strictly against nationalism. He considered all the Muslims to be a part of One Ummah . For him, a Muslim in any part of the world was part of a brotherly relation. He considered nationalism to be a coffin for the Muslim Ummah . Thus, highlighting the limitations and disadvantages of nationalism, Iqbal gave the philosophy of a " Millat -e- Islamia " and this philosophy became the basis of Pakistan's ideology.

13. Quaid-the Founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born in 1876 at Karachi. He got his early education at Karachi ,later he moved to London. After completing his Bar at Law he returned to Karachi to practice law but could not establish himself as successful lawyer. Then he went to Bombay to start his legal profession there. At the very beginning of his career, even when he was practicing law full time, he strongly associated himself with the All India National Congress party and quickly became one of its brightest young stars. He was not religious in the popular sense. He supported secularism and believed that India’s freedom would only be possible if the two communities worked together as equals.

14. Iqbal-Quaid: A decisive meeting Iqbal met with Quaid-e- Azam at the Round Table Conference(1932,London). He discussed the political conditions of Muslims in India with Quaid. Iqbal convinced Jinnah to return to India and take up the liberation mission of the Muslims from the yokes of British imperialism, and to apply the correct method of appealing Muslims to get united for achieving the independence from British colonialism. He asked Jinnah to use Islam as a motivating force to awaken the Muslims, as the right approach was to invoke the Islamic spirit and appeal Muslims to devote their energies for restoration of Islamic rule in the subcontinent. Iqbal successfully convinced the Jinnah to fulfil the dream of a separate homeland for Indian Muslims.

15. Quaid’s Vision of Pakistan Inspired by Iqbal and greatly moved by the message of the Qur’an and the Sunnah, Quaid understood the strength of Islam and frequently expressed his views about it as a moral, spiritual and socio-politic and economic system. Quaid wanted to establish a State wherein Islamic principles will reign supreme.

16. Services of Quaid-e- Azam Joining Muslim League Quaid-e- Azam and Lucknow Pact Resignation from Congress Quaid-e- Azam and Delhi proposals Quaid-e- Azam and Nehru Report Fourteen points of Quaid-e- Azam Quaid-e- Azam and Round Table Conference Boycott of Politics

17. Quaid-e- Azam as a President of Muslim League Role of Quaid-e- Azam during Congress Ministries The Day of Deliverance Quaid-e- Azam and Lahore Resolution Gandhi Jinnah Talks Quaid-e- Azam and Simla Conference Quaid-e- Azam and Election 1945-46 Quaid-e- Azam and Cabinet Mission Plan Quaid-e- Azam and Creation of Pakistan

18. Pakistan established The efforts of Muslims under the guidance of Iqbal and Quaid bore fruit and Pakistan was established as a largest Muslim country in the world. Hindu leadership was of the view that Pakistan will not survive and soon it will merge with India. Despite the ill wills of enemies Pakistan emerged as a country with distinction. In order to prove that it is an “Ideological State” a collective declaration/resolution in the form of ‘Objectives Resolution’ was passed in 1949. The key point of this resolution was “No legislation will be done repugnant to the Quraan and Sunnah.”

19. The way to success As per the vision of Iqbal and Quaid the goal of true welfare Islamic state can only be achieved when everyone sincerely adopts the teachings of Islam individually. At collective level we need to establish the ‘System of Social justice’. Injustice and oppression lead to destruction. Our current problems are the result of unjust system. The Holy Qur’an has ordained: “O ye who believe! Be ye staunch in justice, witnesses for Allah, even though it be against yourselves or your parents or your kindred, whether the case be of a rich man or a poor man, for Allah is nearer unto both. Sofollow not passion lest ye lapse from truth and if you lapse or fall away, then lo! Allah is ever aware of what ye do.”

20. Conclusion The need for a separate homeland was based on ideological differences with Hindus. Hindus and Muslims were two nations having two different religions. It was not mere economic problem for which Muslims had to sacrifice so much. Islam and Secularism are two separate ideologies. Opting for a secular Pakistan means negation of Iqbal and Quaid’s Vision of Pakistan. Iqbal and Quaid are unanimous about Pakistan Ideology. Islam is the Ideology of Pakistan. Iqbal’s vision of Islam inspired Quaid. Quaid’s sincerity to Islam and Muslims realized the dream of Iqbal for independent state, Pakistan.