Roll 925 sanitation .pptx_20240801_080404_0000 (1).pptx

The ppt describes sanitation barrier and methods of maintaining sanitation in UFPA of a city taking to account a case study

1. SANITARY FACILITIES AND WASTE DISPOSAL methods IN an URBAN SLUM area of KRISHNA NAGAR , Raipur : A cross sectional study K. Pragnya Mohapatra Roll no : 2021-925 Guide : Dr. Gauri Kumari Padhy 1

2. Presentation Outline Introduction Objectives Methodology Results Discussion Conclusion Recommendations References 2

3. Sanitation refers to services and facilities for the maintenance of hygienic conditions through services such as garbage collection , wastewater disposal and safe disposal of sewage. The term solid waste includes – Garbage (food waste) Rubbish( paper , plastic, wood ,metal , throwaway containers) Demolition products Sewage treatment residue Manure etc. Introduction 3

4. Solid waste if allowed to accumulate decomposes and favors breeding of flies and attracts vermin and rodents. The pathogens present in the waste may contaminate food through flies, fingers, fomites etc. It presents as an unpleasant sight and gives foul odor. Human excreta is a source of infection and an important cause of environmental pollution. So, the proper disposal of waste is essential for good health. Public health importance of sanitation 4

5. Excreta Disposal 5

6. Sanitation barrier 6

7. Objectives • To study the utilization of sanitary facilities by residents of Krishna Nagar. • To identify solid and liquid waste disposal methods in the area. 7

8. Study Design – Observational cross-sectional study Study setting - Urban Field Practice Area of AIIMS Raipur, Krishna Nagar, Gali no. 6 Sample size - 20 families Study period -23rd July to 30th July, 2024 Data Collection tools - Pre-tested family health survey proforma provided by the Department of CFM, AIIMS Raipur Sampling methods - Convenient sampling method Methodology 8

9. Data collection method Briefing regarding the survey was done in the department on 23rd of July, 2024 Families are allotted in Krishna Nagar and the data is collected by students on 24th and 25th of July, 2024 The data from all families is compiled, analysed and a conclusion is drawn on 27 th July, 2024. The results are presented to the assigned faculty in the form of a powerpoint presentation 30th July, 2024 onwards. 9

10. Results Results of the survey 10

11. Fig 1. Distribution of surveyed families according to the mode of storage of solid waste 11

12. Fig 2. Distribution according to segregation of dry and wet waste in separate dustbins 12

13. Fig 3. Distribution of frequency of solid waste collection for disposal 13

14. Fig 4. Distribution of methods of waste disposal at household level 14

15. Fig 5. Distribution of mode of disposal of sullage 15

16. Fig 6. Photograph of an open drain 16

17. Fig 7. Distribution of cleanliness in and around the house 17

18. All the houses interviewed were 100% open defection free. All the latrines are connected to septic tank. Fig 8. Distribution of method of disposal of human excreta 18

19. Fig. 9 Photograph of a household latrine 19

20. URBAN RURAL TOTAL India 81.5% 64.9% 70.2% Chhattisgarh 88.2% 73.5% 76.8% Krishna Nagar 100% 100% Table no. 1- Comparison of population in India and Chhattisgarh using improved sanitation facilities (which hygienically separates human excreta from human contact): Discussion 20

21. Conclusion 20 % of families deposit their solid waste in dustbin without lids. 20% people do not use any dustbins. 60% families don't segregate dry waste from wet waste. Solid waste in all the families is collected by municipal vehicles daily. Yet, 20% families still prefer to throw wastes in an open field/pit/drain. Mode of disposal of waste water in open drains is seen in 90% of the families. 100 % families are open air defecation free and prefer household latrine over public ones. 21

22. Use of dustbin with cover should be encouraged. Dry and wet waste segregation should be encouraged. Closed drain disposal of waste water is recommended . Recommendations 22

23. Park K, Parks textbook of preventive and social medicine ,27ᵗʰ edition,Jabalpur:M /S Banarsidas Bhanot publishers ,2023 pg-832-914 NFHS-5(2019-2021)|ministry of health and family welfare|GOI [https://main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/NFHS-5_Phase-II_0] NSS report number 584 :drinking water and sanitation ,hygiene and housing conditions in India ,NSS ,76ᵗʰ round Swachch Survekshan Grameen 2023|Swachch Bharat Mission |GOI [https://sbm.gov.in/ssg23toolkit/login.aspx] cghealth.nic.in accessed on 29-07-2024. References 23

24. THANK YOU For patient listening 24