Rotameter

Rotameter in Fluid Mechanics.
Rotameter, Variable Area Meter.
Rotameter Construction.
Working Principle of Rotameter.
Apparatus Description.
Formula for calculations.
Lab observations and Calculations.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Rotameter.
Precautions.

1. ROTAMETER PREPARED BY: Fahad Ali Maliha Mehar Qambrani Muhammad Luqman Akbar Javeria Tanveer Hammad Azam Lab Instructor: Engr. Abdul Wakeel Fluid Mechanics (Lab) Civil Engineering 3 rd Semester

2. ROTAMETER

3. CONSTR UC TION

4. CONSTRUCTION Float Tapered Glass Tube

5. TYPES OF FLOAT AND TAPERED GLASS TUBE Tapered glass tubes can be made of; Glass Metal Plastic Floats also vary with material and shapes. Their use vary with the application.

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE It works on the principle of up-thrust force (buoyant force) exerted by fluid and force of gravity exerted on fluid. Three forces act on the float; Buoyancy (A) Weight (G) Flow force (S)

7. WORKING CASE-1: When flow is high (high velocity measurement). In this case the float is pulled in upward direction. When this float or gravity pull will balance the push, then float will be in equilibrium. Then we can get reading from the graduated scale and the flow will get outside in regular way. CASE-2 : When flow is slow ( l ow velocity measurement). The float will go in downward direction. The force of gravity becomes more stronger than up-thrust force. The float settles down and we can get the readings as the same.

8. APPARATUS DESCRIPTION

9. APPARATUS DESCRIPTION

10. APPARATUS DESCRIPTION

11. OBJECTIVE The main objectives of this experiment is to obtain the coefficient of discharge from experimental data by utilizing ROTAMETER. APPARATUS Rotameter Hydraulic bench Stopwatch

12. FORMULA Actual discharge = Rotameter discharge = Where = coefficient of discharge V= Volume of water in beaker t=time taken for the beaker to be filled  

13. PROCEDURE Priming is done first for venting air from pipes. The inlet valve is opened slightly such that the discharge on rotameter is noted. Discharge collected in the beaker in time ‘t’ is noted. The above procedure is noted by gradually increasing the flow and observing the readings. The observations are tabulated and the coefficient of discharge of rotameter is compared.

14. OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Sr. No. Volume Time Flowrate Qact Rotameter QR Coefficient Of discharge Cd L Min L/min L/min 1 10 0.5333 18.7512 20 0.9375 2 10 0.7000 14.2857 16 0.8928 3 10 0.9500 10.5263 12 0.8772

15. ADVANTAGES The cost of rotameter is low. It provides linear scale. It has good accuracy for low and medium rates. The pressure loss is nearly constant and small. Usability for corrosive fluids. DISADVANTAGES When opaque fluid is used, float may not be visible. It has not well in pulsating services. Glass tube types subjected to breakage. It must be installed in vertical position only.

16. APPLICATIONS The rotameter is used in proces industries. It is used for monitoring gas and water flow in plants and labs. It is used for monitoring filtration loading.

17. PRECAUTIONS Maintain a constant discharge for each reading. The parallax error should be avoided while taking readings. Take readings of discharge accurately. The time of discharge collected in the beaker should be noted accurately. Readings must be taken thrice to compare the values and to take the average of readings.

18. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!