S8Q3 The Particulate Nature of Matter - Copy.pptx

The particulate nature of matter for grade 8

1. The Particulate Nature of Matter

2. What are the three states of matter ?

3. 3 ANCIENT IDEAS ON THE NATURE OF MATTER “Primal Matter” Thales – water Anaximenes – air Heraclitus – fire Aristotle –four elements; air, earth, water, and fire

4. ACTIVITY 1: The Ultimate Particle of Matter

5. 5 ANCIENT IDEAS ON THE NATURE OF MATTER “Primal Matter” Democritus and his teacher, Leucippus All things are composed of tiny bits of matter that cannot be further divided. All things are composed of minute, indivisible, and indestructible particles of pure matter called an atom (“ atomos ” meaning indivisible)

6. THE PARTICLES OF MATTER 6 The particulate nature of matter has four basic principles: Matter is made up of discrete particles There is an empty space between the particles The particles are in constant motion There are forces that act between the particles

7. DISCRETE PARTICLES OF MATTER 7

8. 8 EMPTY SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES

9. 9 EMPTY SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES

10. 10 EMPTY SPACE BETWEEN PARTICLES Examples: Drop a pebble into a pail of water Add a drop of food coloring in a glass of water Blow air into an already inflated balloon

11. 11 PARTICLES in constant random motion

12. 12 PARTICLES in constant random motion Examples: Smoke diffusing swiftly into the air Smell of adobo can easily spread out the kitchen Inflated balloon can become smaller after a day or two

13. 13 FORCES BETWEEN PARTICLES

14. 14 FORCES BETWEEN PARTICLES

15. 15 FORCES BETWEEN PARTICLES Water on a windshield - Supports the idea that there are attractive and repulsive forces that act between the particles of matter.

16. The Particulate Nature of the Three States of Matter

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18. 18 Comparison of the Three States of Matter Property Compared Solid Liquid Gas Arrangement of Particles Closely packed and orderly arranged Close together, disorderly, and follows the shape of its container Far apart and in random arrangement Forces acting between particles Strong Strong Very minimal Movement of particles Vibrate in their fixed positions Randomly slide past each other; fluid Move very quickly and randomly; very fluid Energy of particles Low Moderate High

19. The Particulate Nature Elements , Compounds , and Mixtures

20. 20 Matter Substances Elements - contain only one kind of atom Compounds - two or more chemically combined elements in a definite mass proportion Mixtures - two or more substances, which are physically combined in no definite mass proportion

21. Particulate drawings of (a) an element and (b) a compound 21

22. Particulate drawings of (a) a mixture of two different elements and (b) a mixture of different compounds 22

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