Science 8 Quarter 1 Week 2 Plant Transport System

The Plant Transport System

1. Grade 8 Science Parts, Function, and Processes of Plants Transport System

2. 1. Identify the parts of the plant transport system and describe their functions; 2. Discuss the parts and functions of plant transport system; and 3. Compare plant transport system to human digestive system. Students should be able to:

3. Have you ever wondered how a plant drinks water or gets food if it doesn’t have a mouth or stomach like you? Or how it breathes without lungs?

4. The main role of the roots and stem is to transport substances around the plant to where they are required. Water and nutrients in the soil enter the plant via the roots. The roots then transport these substances to the stem. Transport in plants - through the roots and stems

5. Just like our circulatory and digestive systems transport oxygen and nutrients to different parts of the body, plants also have an internal system that helps them move water, minerals and food around.

6. A transport system is like a delivery network. For humans, the blood vessels carry oxygen and nutrients. For plants, they use special tissues that work like tiny pipelines inside them.

7. Xylem Section through a plant stem The central part of the vascular bundle. 1.Xylem

8. Function: Transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves upwards. Mechanism: Primarily relies on transpiration pull, where water evaporates from leaves ( transpiration ), creating a tension that draws water upwards. Structure: Composed of elongated, hollow cells that facilitate water movement. Think of it as a water pipe that only goes up. 1.Xylem Xylem

9. Phloem 2. Phloem Section through a plant stem The outer part of the vascular bundle.

10. Function: The phloem transports sucrose and amino acids, both upwards and downwards in the plant. Mechanism: Involves active transport and pressure flow , where sugars are loaded into phloem cells. The phloem moves substances from where they are stored to where they are used via a process called translocation. Structure: Composed of sieve tubes and companion cells, which work together to transport nutrients. Think of it as a food delivery truck. 2. Phloem Phloem

11. Water and Minerals Photosynthesis products One-way flow Water and Minerals No end walls between cells Two-way flow Water and food end walls with perforations

12. Function: Tiny pores usually found on the underside of leaves. They allow carbon dioxide in , and oxygen and water vapor out which is important for photosynthesis and transpiration. 3. Stomata (singular: stoma) Stoma

13. Function: These are the gatekeepers around the stomata. They open and close the stomata depending on water pressure, light, and other factors. When they swell with water, the stomata open . When they shrink, they close . 4. Guard Cells Stoma

14. Without plant transport systems, plants wilt, starve or die. These systems help keep plants alive which in turn provide us with oxygen, food and even medicine.

15. Carries water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves via the xylem. Moves sugars and other organic nutrients made in leaves to other parts of the plant through the phloem. Water movement helps keep cells turgid, maintaining plant structure and support. Enables water evaporation from leaves, which cools the plant and helps pull more water upward. Delivers hormones and signals needed for flowering, seed development, and responses to the environment. Helps in the movement and disposal of waste substances from plant cells. Transport of Water and Minerals Distribution of Food Maintains Plant Turgor Pressure Supports Transpiration Supports Growth and Development Removes Waste