Science 8 The particulate nature of matter

Matter

1. What’s the Matter Ha!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2. Play a guessing game. I am an eight-letter word that would define all materials on earth. My 1234 is a portion or division of a whole that is separate or distinct. My 456 is a tap or beat, like that of a clock. My 56 is an initial for a hospital unit staffed and equipped to provide care to seriously ill patients. My 678 is a suffix. What am I? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 P A T I C L E R T P A R T I C L E I C

3. The particle nature of matter Prepared by: richard p. macadine

4. Objectives: Describe common properties of matter Distinguish properties of matter from those of non-matter Explain the physical changes interms of the arrangement and motion of atoms and molecules Use the particulate nature of matter to explain melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation

5. Guide questions: What matter made of? What are the three common states of matter? How does the particle model of matter explain some observable properties and changes in matter?

6. 4 pics 1 Word

7. MATTER

8. SOLID

9. LIQUID

10. GASES

11. What is matter? Matter is everything around you, including you! Matter is what all things are made of.

12. Everything that exists is made up of matter. Atoms and substances are made up of minuscule pieces of matter. The atoms that make up the objects we see and touch every day are made up of matter. All that has mass and occupies space has volume is known as matter . The amount of matter in an object is measured by its mass.

13. The kinetic molecular theory of matter ( kmt ) states the following key points: All matter, be it in solid, liquid, or gas state, are made up of tiny particles known as atoms. Particles are constant, random motion. Particles in motion have kinetic energy, and their motion increases as they gain energy. There is a transfer of energy between particles (atoms and molecules) as these particles collide with each other. Collisions between these particles are perfectly elastic. Molecular motion is greatest in gases, less in liquids, and least in solids.

14. Properties of solid Density – is the ratio of mass per unit volume. Crystalline solids – the individual pieces of crystalline solids are called crystals. Metallic solids – consist of positive metal ions surrounded by a sea of mobile electrons. Amorphous solids – is one in which the particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern. An amorphous means “without shape” in Greek.

15. Properties of liquids Fluidity – is the ability to flow. Viscosity – is a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow. Temperature Surface tension – is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount. Capillary action there are two forces at work: cohesion – is the force of attraction between identical molecules. adhesion – is the force of attraction between different molecules. Density

16. Properties of gases Volume – gases do not have definite volume. Pressure – gas molecules are in continuous motion and they frequently strike the walls of their container. Temperature – an important property of gas is temp.. it is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles

17. Activity 2: am I matter or not?

18. assessment

19. PHASE CHANGES Description of Phase Change Term for Phase Change Heat Movement During Phase Change Liquid to gas Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes. Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas as it condenses. Solid to gas Sublimation Heat goes into the solid as it sublimates.

20. PHASE CHANGES Description of Phase Change Term for Phase Change Heat Movement During Phase Change Solid to liquid Melting Heat goes into the solid as it melts. Liquid to solid Freezing Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes.

21. Basically, matter exists in three states – solid, liquid, and gas. But over time and due to our more informed knowledge and understanding of the world, we have come to realize that there are other states of matter. One of them is plasma which is considered the fourth state of matter.

22. Other states of matter Bose – Einstein Condensate (BEC) represents the fifth state of matter beyond solid. BEC was predicted by Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose, and the concept of BEC in gas was realized by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman in 1995. It was discovered when the scientist refrigerated particles called bosons in a very low temperature. Cold bosons merge to form a single super particle that is more like a wave than an ordinary speck of matter. Fermionic Condensate Was discovered by NASA0supported researchers, physicists, Deborah Jin – lead scientist who produced the first fermionic condensate in December 2003.

23. But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels… between 1000 °C and 1,000,000,000°C ? Will everything just be a gas?

24. STATES OF MATTER PLASMA A plasma is an ionized gas. A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields. Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Plasma is the common state of matter

25. STATES OF MATTER SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA Tightly packed, in a regular pattern Vibrate, but do not move from place to place Close together with no regular arrangement. Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other Well separated with no regular arrangement. Vibrate and move freely at high speeds Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

26. Some places where plasmas are found… 1. Flames

27. 2. Lightning

28. 3. Aurora (Northern Lights)

29. The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state

30. COLD PLASMA

31. COLD PLASMA PEN

32. Additional activities/remediation Create a journal that documents all the materials you have used for the day. Categorize them into three states of matter – solid, liquid, and gas. Create an authentic way of illustrating a molecular model of salt or any other molecular of your choice. Prioritize the elements used in our daily lives and make a list of them. Then, construct your own periodic table for those elements only. What is your basis for grouping the elements in your new periodic table.

33. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!