Science 9 MELC 19 & 20 Projectile Motion.pptx

Itv contains activities for Science 9 MELC 19 and 20

1. PROJECTILE MOTION Motion in Two Dimensions

2. Describe the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile; 19 MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY Quarter 4 20 MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY Investigate the relationship between the angle of release and the height and range of the projectile.

3. PROJECTILE MOTION Motion in Two Dimensions

4. MOTION What is motion? Motion is the action of changing location or position. (Physics Hypertextbook) Motion is the change with time of the position and orientation of a body. (Britannica.com)

5. VOCABULARY REVIEW SPEED - is the rate at which an object is moving along a path; scalar quantity VELOCITY - is the rate and direction of an object's movement; vector quantity.

6. VOCABULARY REVIEW DISTANCE - how much ground an object has covered" during its motion; scalar quantity DISPLACEMENT - how far out of place an object is or the object's overall change in position; vector quantity

7. VOCABULARY REVIEW TIME - how long it took the object from one position to another; scalar quantity ACCELERATION - rate at which velocity changes with time, in terms of both speed and direction; vector quantity

8. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION

9. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION When is an object in a UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION? A body is said to have uniform acceleration if it maintains a constant change in its velocity in each time interval along a straight line.

10. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION HORIZONTAL Example: An object is moving from rest and accelerates uniformly at a rate of 2 m/s. Time (seconds) Speed (m/s) 1 2 2 4 3 6 4 8 5 10 Time (seconds) Distance (meters) 1 1 2 4 3 9 4 16 5 25

11. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION HORIZONTAL Example: An object is moving from rest and accelerates uniformly at a rate of 2 m/s. Time (seconds) Speed (m/s) 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 Time (seconds) Distance (meters) 1 2 2 4 3 6 4 8 5 10

12. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION VERTICAL The pull of gravity acts on all objects. The acceleration due to gravity is equal to -9.8 m/s 2. Time (seconds) Speed (m/s) 1 9.8 2 19.6 3 29.4 4 39.2 5 49 Time (seconds) Distance (meters) 1 4.9 2 19.6 3 44.1 4 78.4 5 122.5

13. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION  

14. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION Example: An object is moving from rest and accelerates uniformly at a rate of 2 m/s. Time (seconds) Speed (m/s) 1 2 2 4 3 6 4 8 5 10 Time (seconds) Distance (meters) 1 1 2 4 3 9 4 16 5 25

15. UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION  

16. PROJECTILE MOTION Motion in Two Dimensions

17. PROJECTILE MOTION What is projectile motion? Projectile motion is a combination of uniform motion along the horizontal and the motion of a freely falling body along the vertical. It is an instance of uniformly accelerated motion in two-dimensions.

18. PROJECTILE MOTION UNLOCKING VOCABULARY PROJECTILE - is a body traveling in projectile motion. Trajectory - It is the curved path traveled by a projectile. RANGE - is the horizontal distance traveled by a projectile. HEIGHT - is the vertical distance traveled by a projectile.

19. PROJECTILE MOTION

20. PROJECTILE MOTION POINTS TO REMEMBER: 1. The horizontal and vertical motions are completely independent of each other. Therefore, the velocity of a projectile can be separated into the horizontal and vertical components.

21. PROJECTILE MOTION POINTS TO REMEMBER: 2. Projectiles always maintain a constant horizontal velocity (neglecting air resistance).

22. PROJECTILE MOTION POINTS TO REMEMBER: 3. There is a constant vertical acceleration of 9.8 m/s 2 , downward (neglecting air resistance) for projectiles on air.

23. TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE MOTION I. Projectile Released Horizontally (θ = 0°) Has no initial vertical velocity Identical to a dropped object. The downward vertical velocity increases uniformly Horizontal vertical velocity is uniform

24. TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE MOTION II. Projectile Launched at an Angle (θ > 0°) Velocity has two components Constant horizontal velocity Upward positive vertical velocity & downward negative vertical velocity

25. TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE MOTION For a projectile beginning and ending at the same height, the time it takes a projectile to rise to its highest point is equal to the time it takes to fall from the highest point back to its original position.

26. SAMPLE PROBLEM If a bullet is fired with a speed of 600 m/s horizontally from a height of 48 m, how long will it take to hit the ground? What is the range of the projectile? Assume that there is no air resistance.

27. SAMPLE PROBLEM A soccer ball is kicked horizontally from a cliff with a velocity of 16.5 m/s. The ball falls 35 m away from the cliff’s edge. Hong long before the ball hits the ground? How high is the table? What is the balls velocity just before it hits the ground?

28. PROJECTILE MOTION The motion of a projectile may be described in terms of the range and maximum height it reaches. RANGE - is the horizontal distance traveled by a projectile. HEIGHT - is the vertical distance traveled by a projectile.

29. ANGLE OF RELEASE The angle of release affects both the height and range of a projectile.

30. ANGLE OF RELEASE In terms of height, for projectiles launched at a constant initial velocity, the steeper the angle is the greater is its maximum height.

31. ANGLE OF RELEASE In terms of the range, for projectiles launched at constant initial velocity. The optimal angle of release is 45 degrees.